Labor/Radical/LGBTQ+/Underground Journalism
Labor, Socialist, Anarchist Press
Aaron, Daniel. Writers on the Left: Episodes in American Literary Communism. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1961.
Beck, Elmer A. “Autopsy of a Labor Daily: The Milwaukee Leader.” Journalism Monographs 16 (August 1970).
Bekken, Jon E. “No Weapon So Powerful: Working Class Newspapers in the United States.” Journal of Communication Inquiry 12:2 (Summer 1988).
Bekken, Jon. “‘The Most Vindictive and Most Vengeful Power’: Labor Confronts the Chicago Newspaper Trust.” Journalism History 18 (1992):11-17.
Bekken, Jon E. “Working Class Newspapers, Community, and Consciousness in Chicago, 1880-1930.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of Illinois, 1992.
Bekken, Jon. “‘This Paper Is Owned by Many Thousands of Workingmen and Women’: Contradictions of a Socialist Daily.” American Journalism 10, no. 1–2 (1993): 61–83.
Bekken, Jon. “A Paper for Those Who Toil: The Chicago Labor Press in Transition.” Journalism History 23:1 (Winter 1997): 24-33.
Bekken, Jon. “A Collective Biography of Editors of U.S. Workers’ Papers: 1913 & 1925.” American Journalism 15, no. 3 (1998): 19–39.
Blake, Matthew Dower. “Woody Sez: Woody Guthrie in the People’s World Newspaper.” PhD dissertation, University of Florida, 2006.
Blake, Matthew. “Woody Guthrie: A Dust Bowl Representative in the Communist Party Press.” Journalism History 35:4 (Winter 2010): 184-193.
Briley, Ronald. “‘Woody Sez’: Woody Guthrie, The People’s Daily World, and Indigenous Radicalism.” California History 84 (Fall 2006): 30–43; 69–70.
Bryant, Earle. Byline, Richard Wright: Articles from the Daily Worker and New Masses. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2014.
Buchstein, Frederick D. “The Anarchist Press in American Journalism.” Journalism History 1 (1974): 43-45, 66.
Chen, Michelle. “The Labor Angle: Reflections on the History of the Working-Class and Radical Press.” Labor: Studies in Working-Class History of the Americas 19:3 (September 2022): 77-83.
Cobb-Reiley, Linda. “Aliens and Alien Ideas: The Suppression of Anarchists and the Anarchist Press in America, 1901-1984.” Journalism History 15 (Summer 1988).
Conlin, Joseph R., ed. The American Radical Press 1880-1960. 2 vols. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1974.*
Corbin, David. The Socialist and Labor Star, 1912-1915. Huntington: Appalachian Movement Press, 1951.
Faue, Elizabeth. Writing the Wrongs: Eva Valesh and the Rise of Labor Journalism. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2002.
Ferguson, Kathy E. “Assemblages of Anarchists: Political Aesthetics in Mother Earth.” The Journal of Modern Periodical Studies 4, no. 2 (2013): 171–194.
Ferguson, Kathy E. Letterpress Revolution: The Politics of Anarchist Print Culture. Durham: Duke University Press, 2023.
Fetter, Henry D. “The Party Line and the Color Line: The American Communist Party, the Daily Worker, and Jackie Robinson.” Journal of Sports History 28 (Fall 2001): 375-402.
Foner, Philip S. “A Labor Voice for Black Equality: The Boston Daily Evening Voice, 1864-1867.” Science and Society (Fall 1978): 304-325.
Foner, Philip S. William Heighton: Pioneer Labor Leader of Jacksonian Philadelphia. New York: International, 1991. (editor of Mechanics’ Free Press)
Frieve, Victoria M. “Advocacy Journalism, Labor Feminism, and the Timber Worker, 1936-1940.” Journalism History48:1 (January 2022): 19-40.
Gavigan, Ian Noah. “Read All Over: The Reading Labor Advocate and Socialist Power in Pennsylvania, 1927-1936.” Pennsylvania History 88:1 (Winter 2021): 56-84.
Giombolini, Alecia Jay. “Anarchism on the Willamette: The Firebrand Newspaper and the Origins of a Culturally American Anarchist Movement, 1895-1898.” PhD dissertation, Portland State University, 2018.
Goldwater, Walter, ed. Radical Periodicals in America, 1890-1950. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1966.
Gower, Karla K. “Agnes Smedley: A Radical Journalist in Search of a Cause.” American Journalism 13, no. 4 (1996): 416–39.
Graham, John, ed., “Yours for the Revolution:” The Appeal to Reason, 1895-1922. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1990.
Greenwood, Laura. “The Anarchist Periodical Press in the United States: An Intertextual Study of Prison Blossoms, Free Society, and The Demonstrator.” PhD dissertation, Trent University, 2016.
Halverson, Guy, and William E. Ames. “The Butte Bulletin: Beginnings of a Labor Daily.” Journalism Quarterly 46 (Summer 1969): 260-266.
Hoerder, Dick, ed. The Immigrant Labor Press in North America, 1840s-1970s. 3 Volumes. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1987.
Hume, Janice. “Lincoln was a Red and Washington a Bolshevik: Public Memory as Persuader in the Appeal to Reason.” Journalism History 28:4 (Winter 2003): 172-181.
Jones, Margaret C. Heretics & Hellraisers: Women Contributors to The Masses, 1911-1917. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1993.
Kates, James. “Editor, Publisher, Citizen, Socialist: Victor L. Berger and His Milwaukee Leader.” Journalism History 44:2 (Summer 2018): 79-88.
Lee, R. Alton. Publisher For the Masses, Emanuel Haldeman-Julius. Lincoln: Bison Books, 2018.
Leopold, Richard. Robert Dale Owen, a Biography. New York: Octagon Books, 1969. (editor of New York Free Enquirer)
Lumsen, Linda J. Black, White, and Red All Over: A Cultural History of the Radical Press in its Heyday, 1900-1917. Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 2014.
Lumsen, Linda J. “The New York Call: Challenges to Sustaining Socialist Identity in the Daily Newspaper Market, 1908-1923.” Journalism History 39:4 (2014): 219-230.
McFarland, C.K., and Robert L. Thistlewaite. “20 Years of a Successful Labor Paper: The Working Man’s Advocate, 1829-1849.” Journalism Quarterly 60:1 (Spring 1983): 35-40.
McFarland, C.K., and Robert L. Thistlewaite. “Labor Press Demands Equal Education in Age of Jackson.” Journalism Quarterly 65 (1988): 600-08.
Martinek, Jason D. “‘Mental dynamite’: Radical Literacy and American Socialists’ Print Culture of Dissent, 1897–1917.” PhD dissertation, Carnegie Mellon University, 2005.
Meeker, Martin. Contacts Desired: Gay and Lesbian Communications and Communities, 1940s-1970s. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2006.
Miller, Sally M. Victor Berger and the Promise of Constructive Socialism, 1910-1920. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1973.
Nord, David Paul. “The Appeal to Reason and American Socialism, 1901-1920.” Kansas History 1 (Summer 1975).
O’Neil, William L. Echoes of Revolt: The Masses, 1911-1917. Chicago, 1966.
Pribanic-Smith, Erika J., and Jared Schroeder. Emma Goldman’s No-Conscription League and the First Amendment. New York: Routledge, 2019.
Roediger, David. “Racism, Reconstruction, and the Labor Press: The Rise and Fall of the St. Louis Daily Press, 1864-1866.” Science and Society (Summer 1978): 156-164.
Rondinone, Troy. The Great Industrial War: Framing Class Conflict in the Media, 1865-1950. Piscataway, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2010.
Roscigno, Vincent J. The Voice of Southern Labor: Radio, Music, and Textile Strikes, 1929-1934. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2004.
Rozendal, Michael. “An Engaged Mass Audience? The Provocations of a Popular Front Slick, Direction (1937–1945).” The Journal of Modern Periodical Studies 3, no. 2 (2012): 198–213.
Ruff, Allen. We Called Each Other Comrade: Charles H. Kerr & Company, Radical Publisher. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1997.
Russo, Ann, and Cheris Kramarae. The Radical Women’s Press of the 1850s. New York: Routledge, 1991.
Schappes, Morris U. The Daily Worker: Heir to a Great Tradition. New York: Daily Worker, 1944.
Schreiber, Rachel. Gender and Activism in a Little Magazine: The Modern Figures of the Masses. Farnham: Ashgate, 2011.
Serby, Benjamin. “Not to Produce Newspapers, But Committed Radicals: The Underground Press, the New Left, and the Gay Liberation Counter public in the United States, 1965-1976.” Journal of the History of Sexuality 32: 1 (January 2023): 1-26.
Shore, Elliot, et al., eds., The German-American Radical Press: The Shaping of a Left Political Culture, 1850-1940. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1992.*
Spencer, David R. “Unequal Partners: Gender Relationships in Victorian Radical Journalism.” American Journalism 14:3-4 (1997): 441-59.
Streitmatter, Rodger. “Origins of the American Labor Press.” Journalism History 25:3 (Summer 1999): 99-106.
Theoharis, Athan. “The FBI, the Roosevelt Administration, and the ‘Subversive’ Press.” Journalism History 19:1 (Winter 1993):3-10.
Tracy, James F. “From Blueprint to Reality: The Dubuque Leader’s Transformation Under Cooperative Ownership.” American Journalism 19:4 (2002): 95-119.
Tracy, James F. “A Historical Case Study of Alternative News Media and Labor Activism: The Dubuque Leader, 1935-1939.” Journalism and Communication Monographs 8:4 (Winter 2007).
Wald, Alan M. Trinity of Passion: The Literary Left and the Antifascist Crusade. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2007.
Yaudes, Cynthia Gwynne. “Working an Image: Radical Labor Newspapers and the American Tabloid Press, 1919–1922.” PhD dissertation, Indiana University, 2008.
Alternative and “Underground” Press/ LGBTQ+ Media
Armstrong, David. A Trumpet To Arms: Alternative Media in America. Los Angeles: Tarcher, 1981.
Bizot, Jean-Francois. Free Press: Underground & Alternative Publications, 1965-1975. New York: Universe, 2006.
Ellis, Donna Lloyd. “The Underground Press in America.” Journal of Popular Culture 5:1 (Summer 1971): 102-124.
Francois-Bizot, Jean. Free Press: Underground and Alternative Publications, 1965-1975. New York: Universe Publishing, 2006.
Gallo, Marcia M. Different Daughters: A History of the Daughters of Bilitis and the Rise of the Lesbian Rights Movement. New York: Carroll & Graf, 2006.
Goldstein, Richard. Reporting the Counterculture. Boston: Unwin Hyman, 1989. (Village Voice writer)
Gordon, Douglas E. “The Great Speckled Bird: Harassment of an Underground Newspaper.” Journalism Quarterly 56 (Summer 1979): 289-295.
Glessing, Robert J. The Underground Press in America. Bloomington: University of Indiana Press, 1970.
Hume, Janice. “The Past as Persuader in The Great Speckled Bird.” Journalism History 41:4 (Winter 2016): 182-190.
Kaplan, Geoff. Power to the People: The Graphic Design of the Radical Press and the Rise of the Counterculture, 1964-1974. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2013.
Katzman, Allen, ed. Our Time: An Anthology of Interviews from the East Village Other. New York: Dial Press, 1972.
Kessler, Lauren. “Sixties Survivors: The Persistence of Countercultural Values in the Lives of Underground Journalists.” Journalism History 16:1/2 (Spring/Summer 1989): 2-11.
Kline, Wendy. “Communicating a New Consciousness: Countercultural Print and the Home Birth Movement in the 1970s.” Bulletin of the History of Medicine 89:3 (Fall 2015): 527-556.
Kramer, David Jacob. Heads Together: Weed and the Underground Press Syndicate, 1965-1973. Zurich: Edition Patrick Frey, 2023.
Leamer, Laurence. The Paper Revolutionaries: The Rise of the Underground Press. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1972.
Lewes, J. “The Underground Press in America (1964-1968): Outlining an Alternative, The Envisioning of an Underground.” Journal of Communication Inquiry 24:2 (October 2000): 379-400.
Lewes, James Glyn. “Protest and Survive: An Analysis of the Influence and Effect of GI-Produced Underground Newspapers on the United States Armed Forces During the Vietnam War.” PhD dissertation, University of Iowa, 2000.
McMillian, John. Smoking Typewriters: The Sixties Underground Press and the Rise of Alternative Media in America. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2011.
Martinek, Jason D. Socialism and Print Culture in America, 1897-1920. New York: Routledge, 2013.
Mount, Andre. “Grasp the Weapon of Culture: Radical Avant-Gardes and the Los Angeles Free Press.” Journal of Musicology32: 1 (Winter 2015): 115-152.
Nette, Andrew, and Iain McIntyre, eds. Sticking it To the Man: Revolution and Counterculture in Pulp and Popular Fiction. Oakland: PM Press, 2019.
Peck, Abe. Uncovering the Sixties: The Life and Times of the Underground Press. New York: Pantheon, 1985.
Perrotta, Katherine. “Ruffled Feathers: The Great Speckled Bird as a Record of Student and Youth Activism in Atlanta, Georgia, and the Southeast, 1968-1976.” American Educational History Journal 45:1 (2018): 39-54.
Rips, Geoffrey. Un-American Activities: The Campaign Against the Underground Press. San Francisco: PEN American Center, 1981.
Romano, Tricia. The Freaks Came Out to Write: The Definitive History of the Village Voice, the Radical Paper That Changed American Culture. New York: Public Affairs Press, 2024.
Satterwhite, Christopher. “The Gulf Coast Fish Cheer: Radicalism and the Underground Press in Pensacola, Florida, 1970-1971.” Florida Historical Quarterly 95:1 (Summer 2016): 71-107.
Smith, Gaye S. “The Underground Press in Los Angeles.” MA thesis, University of California-Los Angeles, 1968.
Slonecker, Blake. A New Dawn for the New Left: Liberation News Service, Montague Farm, and the Long Sixties. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013.
Stewart, Sean. On the Ground: An Illustrated Anecdotal History of the Sixties Underground Press in the U.S. Oakland: PM Press, 2012.
Streitmatter, Rodger. “The Advocate: Setting the Standard for the Gay Liberation Press.” Journalism History 19:3 (Autumn 1993): 93-102.
Streitmatter, Rodger. Unspeakable: The Rise of the Gay and Lesbian Underground Press. Boston: Faber & Faber, 1995.
Streitmatter, Rodger. “Creating a Venue for the Love That Dare Not Speak Its Name: The Origins of the Gay and Lesbian Press.” Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly 72:2 (1995): 436-447.
Trigs, Teal. “Scissors and Glue: Punk Fanzines and the Creation of a DIY Aesthetic.” Journal of Design History 19:1 (Spring 2006): 69-83.
Wachsberger, Ken, ed. Voices from the Underground: Insider Histories of the Vietnam Era Underground Press, Part I. reprint edition. East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 2011.
Wachsberger, Ken, ed. Voices from the Underground: Insider Histories of the Vietnam Era Underground Press, Part II. reprint edition. East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 2012.
Skip to content