Early 20th-Century Journalism

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Abel, Richard.  Menus for Movieland: Newspapers and the Emergence of American Film Culture.  Berkeley: University of California Press, 2015.

Abrams, Douglas Carl.  Selling the Old Time Religion: American Fundamentalists and Mass Culture, 1920-1940.  Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2001.

Abramson, Phyllis, Leslie.  Sob Sister Journalism.  Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1990.

Adams, Edward E. “Scripps Howard’s Implementation of Joint Agreements for Newspaper Preservation, 1933-1939.” Journalism History 23:4 (Winter 1997/1998): 159-165.

Adams, Ed. “How Corporate Ownership Facilitated a Split in the Scripps Newspaper Empire.” Journalism History 27:2 (Summer 2001): 56-63.

Adams, Edward E.  “Collusion and Price Fixing in the American Newspaper Industry: Market Preservation Trends, 1890-1910.”  Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly 79:2 (Summer 2002): 416-426.

Adams, Edward E., and Gerald J. Baldasty. “Syndicated Service Dependence and a Lack of Commitment to Localism: Scripps Newspapers and Market Subordination.” Journalsim and Mass Communication Quarterly 78:3 (2001): 519-532.  

Allen, Frederick Lewis.  Only Yesterday.  New York: Harper and Row, 1931.

Alpers, Benjamin L.  Dictators, Democracy, and American Public Culture: Envisioning the Totalitarian Enemy, 1920s–1950s. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2003.

Amana, Harry. “The Noose and the Anti-Lynch Campaign.” American Journalism 17, no. 4 (2000): 53–54.

American Society of Newspaper Editors.  Problems in Journalism.  Washington DC: ASNE, 1923-1930.

Ames, William E., and Roger A. Simpson.  Unionism or Hearst: The Seattle Post Intelligencer Strike of 1936.  Seattle: Pacific Northwest Labor History Association, 1978.

Anderson, Mark Cronlund.  “The Mythical Frontier, the Mexican Revolution, and the Press: An Imperial Subplot.”Canadian Review of American Studies 37:1 (2007): 1-22.

Arceneaux, Noah. “Radio Facsimile Newspapers of the 1930s and 40s: Electronic Publishing in a Pre-Digital Era.” Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 55:3 (2011): 344-359.

Ardis, Ann L., and Patrick Collins, eds.  Transatlantic Press Culture, 1880-1940.  New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008.

Arnold-Foster, Tom. “Rethinking the Scopes Trial: Cultural Conflict, Media Spectacle, and Circus Politics.” Journal of American Studies 56:1 (2022): 142-166.

Arnold-Foster, Tom. “Journalism and Corruption in Chicago, 1912-1931.” The Historical Journal 65 (2022): 1374-1396.

Arnold-Foster, Tom.  “Walter Lippmann and Public Opinion.” American Journalism 40:1 (2023): 51-79.

Atkins, Aaron.  “Your Paper Saved Seattle: E.W. Scripps and the Star’s Role in the General Strike of 1919.” Journalism History 45:2 (2019): 157-175.

Atkins, Joseph B.  Covering for the Bosses: Labor and the Southern Press.  Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2008.

Auerbach, Jonathan.  Propaganda, Progressivism, and American Public Opinion.  Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2015.

Baldasty, Gerald J., and Myron K. Jordan. “Scripps’ Competitive Strategy: The Art of Non-Competition.” Journalism Quarterly 70:2 (1993): 265-275.

Baldasty, Gerald J.  “The Economics of Working-Class Journalism: The E.W. Scripps Newspaper Chain, 1878-1908.” Journalism History 23:1 (Spring 1999): 3-12.

Baldwin, Neil.  The Mass Production of Hate: Henry Ford and the Jews.  New York: Public Affairs, 2001.

Barrett, James W.  The World, the Flesh, and Messrs Pulitzer.  New York: Vanguard, 1931.

Baughman, James L. Henry R. Luce and the Rise of the American News Media.  Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1987.

Bauman, John F., and Thomas H. Coode.  In the Eye of the Great Depression: New Deal Reporters and the Agony of the American People.  Dekalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1988.

Baylen, J. O. “An Anglo-American Press Conflict: The Titanic Disaster.” American Journalism  7, no. 3 (1990): 144–47.

Beasley, Maurine H. Eleanor Roosevelt and the Media: A Public Quest for Fulfillment. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1987.

Bent, Silas. Ballyhoo: The Voice of the Press.  New York: Boni & Liveright, 1927.

Bent, Silas. Strange Bedfellows: A Review of Politics, Personalities, and the Press.  New York: Liveright, 1928.

Bernhardt, Mark. “What Kind of Parents Are You? The Discussion of Expectations for Parents in the Press Coverage of the Lindbergh Kidnapping.” Journalism History 42:3 (2016): 164-175.

Bessie, Simon M. Jazz Journalism: The Story of the Tabloid Newspapers.  New York: Dutton, 1938.

Best, Gary Dean. The Critical Press and the New Deal: The Press Versus Presidential Power, 1933-1938.   Westport, Conn.: Prager, 1993.

Bickel, Karl.  New Empires: The Newspaper and the Radio.  Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1930.

Blanchard, Margaret A.  “Freedom of the Press and the Newspaper Code, June 1933-February 1934.”  Journalism Quarterly 54 (Spring 1977): 40-49.

Blair, John L.  “Coolidge the Image Maker: The President and the Press, 1923-1929.”  The New England Quarterly 46:4 (December 1973): 499-522.

Bleyer, Willard G., ed.  The Profession of Journalism.  Boston: Atlantic Monthly Press, 1918.

Blum, D. Steven. Walter Lippmann: Cosmopolitan in the Century of Total War. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1984.

Boone Johnson, Edna, and Mary Helen Brown. “James Agee’s Documentary Expression: Let Us Now Praise Famous Men as Journalism, Crossing the Fact-Fiction Border.” American Journalism 9: 1/2 (1992): 53-64.

Bork, Ulf Jonas. “Newspaper Medicine: Medical Journals Attack the Press, 1898-1909.” Journalism History 48:2 (Summer 2022): 124-141.

Boylan, James, ed.  The ‘World’ and the Twenties: The Golden Years of New York’s Legendary Newspaper.  New York: Dial Press, 1973.

Bradshaw, Katherine A.  “America Speaks:’ George Gallup’s First Syndicated Public Opinion Poll.”  Journalism History 31:4 (Winter 2006): 198-205.

Brazil, John R.  “Murder Trials, Murder, and Twenties America.”  American Quarterly 33:2 (1981): 163-84.

Brinkley, Alan.  Voices of Protest: Huey Long, Father Coughlin, and the Great Depression.  New York: Knopf, 1982.

Brucker, Herbert.  The Changing American Newspaper.  New York: Columbia University Press, 1937.

Burt, Elizabeth V.  “Conflict of Interests: Covering Reform in the Wisconsin Press, 1910-1920.” Journalism History 26:3 (Autumn 2000): 95-107.

Burt, Elizabeth V.  “Working Women and the Triangle Fire: Press Coverage of a Tragedy.”  Journalism History 30:4 (Winter 2005): 189-199.

Burt, Elizabeth V. “Shocking Atrocities in Colorado: Newspapers’ Responses to the Ludlow Massacre.” American Journalism 28 (Summer 2011): 61–83.

Cain, Timothy Reese. “Of Tempests, Laughing Horses, and Sacred Cows: Controlling College Student Presses Between the World Wars.” American Journalism 29:3 (2012): 9-39.

Campbell, W. Joseph. Yellow Journalism: Puncturing the Myths, Defining the Legacies.  Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 2001.

Cassara, Catherine.  “To the Edge of America: U.S. Newspaper Coverage of the 1939 Voyage of Jewish Refugees Aboard the MS St. Louis.”  Journalism History 42:2 (Winter 2017): 225-238.

Caudill, Charles E.  “The Evolution of an Idea: Darwin in the American Press, 1860-1925.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of North Carolina, 1986.

Caudill, Charles E.  “The Roots of Bias: An Empiricist Press and Coverage of the Scopes Trial.”  Journalism Monographs 114 (July 1989).

Carew, Michael G.  “The Interaction Among National Newmagazines and the Formulation of Foreign and Defense Policy in the Roosevelt Administration, 1939-1941.” PhD dissertation, New York University, 2002.

Carlebach, Michael L.  American Photojournalism Comes of Age. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1997.

Carlisle, Rodney P.  “William Randolph Hearst: A Fascist Reputation Reconsidered.” Journalism Quarterly 50:1 (1973): 125-133.

Carlisle, Rodney P.  “The Foreign Policy Views of An Isolationist Press Lord: W.R. Hearst and the International Crisis, 1936-41.” Journal of Contemporary History 9:3 (July 1974): 217-227.

Carlisle, Rodney P.  Hearst and the New Deal: The Progressive as Reactionary. New York: Garland, 1979.

Carroll, Brian.  “Darktown: Newspaper Coverage of Atlanta’s First Black Police, 1930-1960.” American Journalism 39:2 (2022): 142-168.

Carroll, Fred. “The Completely True Story of the Fraudulent Ethiopian Princess: Racial Stereotypes and Journalistic Conventions in the Framing of a Media Hoax.” American Journalism 39:1 (2022): 51-71.  

Casey, Ralph D.  “Republican Propaganda in the 1936 Campaign.” Public Opinion Quarterly 1:2 (April 1937): 27-44.

Casey, Robert J.  News Reel.  Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1932.

Caudill, Ed.  “A Content Analysis of Press Views of Darwin’s Evolutionary Theory, 1860-1925.” Journalism Quarterly64:4 (1987): 782-786.

Chesler, Ellen. Woman of Valor: Margaret Sanger and the Birth Control Movement in America. New York: Simon & Schuster,1992.

Chester, Giraud.  “The Press-Radio War, 1933-1935.”  Public Opinion Quarterly 13 (Summer 1949): 252-264.

Chotkowski LaFollette, Marcel.  Reframing Scopes: Journalists, Scientists, and the Lost Photographs from the Trial of the Century.  Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2008.

Churchill, Allen.  Park Row, A Vivid Recreation of Turn of Century Newspaper Days.  New York: Reinhart, 1958.

Cieslik-Miskimen, Caitlyn.  “Hollywood in the Hinterland: Newspapers, Itinerant Films, and Community Identity in the 1920s.” Communication, Culture & Critique 12:3 (September 2019): 378-396.

Commander, Lydia K.  “The Significance of Yellow Journalism.”  Arena 34 (August 1905).

Cooper, Anne M.  “Suffrage as News: Ten Dailies’ Coverage of the 19th Amendment.” American Journalism 1 (Summer 1983): 73.

Cott, Nancy F.  Fighting Words: The Bold American Journalists Who Brought the World Home Between the Wars.  New York: Basic Books, 2020.

Covert, Catherine L. and John D. Stevens, eds., Mass Media Between the Wars: Perceptions of Cultural Tensions. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1984.*

Cox Bennion, Sherilyn.  “Reform Agitation in the American Periodical Press, 1920-29.”  Journalism Quarterly 48 (Winter 1971): 652-659.

Crane, Jill J., and Marcella Lesher.  “Beyond the Campus: National and International News Coverage in College Newspapers, 1920-1940.”  Journalism History 44:2 (Summer 2018): 101-108.

Cressman, Dale.  “News in Lights: The Times Square Zipper and Newspaper Signs in an Age of Technological Enthusiasm.”  Journalism History 43:4 (Winter 2018): 186-197.

Crowl, Thomas.  Murder of a Journalist: The True Story of the Death of Donald Ring Mellett. Kent: Kent State University Press, 2009.  (Canton (OH) Daily News, 1920s)

Daniel, Douglas K.  “Ohio Newspapers and the ‘Whispering Campaign’ of the 1920 Presidential Election.”  Journalism History 27:4 ( ): 156-164.

Danky, James P. and Wayne Wiegand, eds., Print Culture in a Diverse America. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1998.

Davenport, Walter, and James C. Derieux.  Ladies, Gentlemen, and Editors.  Garden City: Doubleday, 1960.

Delman, Marty.  “The Day they Blew up the LA Times.”  Media History Digest 3:2 (Summer 1983): 36-47.

Denham, Bryan.  “Oriental Irritants and Occidental Aspirants: Immigrant Portrayals in Hearst Magazines, 1905-1945.” Journalism and Communication Monographs 24 (March 2022): 4-64.

Dennis, Paul M. “Press Coverage of the New Psychology by the New York Times during the Progressive Era.” History of Psychology 14 (May 2011) 113–36.

Desmond, Robert W.  Windows on the World: The Information Process in a Changing World.  Iowa City: University of Iowa Press, 1980.

Doherty, Thomas.  Little Lindy is Kidnapped: How the Media Covered the Crime of the Century.  New York: Columbia University Press, 2020.

Dooley, Patricia L. “Minnesota Publishers and Editors as Elected Officials, 1923-1938: A Comparison of Journalistic Rhetoric and Conduct.” Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly 71:1 (1994): 64-75.

Drake, Robert G.  “Manipulating the News: The U.S. Press and the Holocaust, 1933-1945.”  PhD dissertation, State University of New York-Albany, 2003.

Edmondson, Aimee.  “Pure Caucasian Blood: Libel by Racial Misidentification in American Newspapers (1900-1957).”  American Journalism 38:21(Winter 2021): 54-80.

Edwards, Jerome E.  The Foreign Policy of Col. McCormick’s Tribune, 1929-1941. Reno: University of Nevada Press, 1971.

Elmore, Cindy.  “Terry Pettus and the 1936 Seattle Newspaper Strike: Pivotal Success for the Early American Newspaper Guild.” American Journalism 36:3 (Summer 2019): 300-321.

Enyeart, John P.  Death to Fascism: Louis Adamic’s Fight For Democracy.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2019.

Ethridge, Mark.  “The South’s New Industrialism and the Press.” Annals of Political and Social Science 153 (January 1931): 251-256.

Evansen, Bruce J.  “Journalism’s Struggle Over Ethics and Professionalism During America’s Jazz Age.”  Journalism History 16:3 (Summer 1988): 54-63.

Evensen, Bruce J.  When Dempsey Fought Tunney: Heroes, Hokum, and Storytelling in the Jazz Age.  Knoxville: University of Kentucky Press, 1996.

Evenson Williams, Elizabeth. “The Editor as Politician: W. R. Ronald and the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933.” American Journalism 13:1 (1996): 48-59.

Ferré, John. “Sunday Newspaper and the Decline of Protestant Authority in the United States.” American Journalism 10, no. 1–2 (1993): 7–23.

Fetner, Gerald L. “The Washington Correspondent in the Progressive Era: The New York Times’ Charles Willis Thompson.” American Journalism 28 (Spring 2011): 23–47.

Fetner, Gerald L.  “The Editorial Writer in Depression-Era Politics and Law: The St. Louis Star-Times’ Irving Brant.” American Journalism 30:4 (Fall 2013): 473-495.

Fetner, Gerald L.  “Political Editor and Public Man in the Time of Roosevelt and Wilson: The New York World’s Frank I. Cobb.”  American Journalism 32:2 (Spring 2015): 161-183.

Fetner, Gerald L.  “Modern Foreign Correspondents After World War I: The New York Evening Post’s David Lawrence and Simeon Strunsky.”  American Journalism 34:3 (2017): 313-332.

Feu, Montse.  Fighting Fascist Spain: Worker Protest from the Printing Press.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2020.   

Flint, L.N.  The Editorial.  New York: D. Appleton-Century, 1920.

Flint, Leon Nelson. The Conscience of the Newspaper: A Case Book in the Principles and Problems of Journalism. New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1925.

Forde, Kathy Roberts, and Sid Bedingfield, eds.  Journalism and Jim Crow: White Supremacy and the Black Struggle for a New America.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2021.

Fosdick, Scott.  “Chicago Newspaper Theater Critics of the Early Twentieth Century.” Journalism History 27:3 (Fall 2001): 122-128.

Foss, Katherine A.  Constructing the Outbreak: Epidemics in Media and Collective Memory.  Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2020.

Foust, James C. “E.W. Scripps and the Science Service.” Journalism History 21:2 (Summer 1995): 58-64.   

Foust, James.  “Mass Produced Reform: Henry Ford’s Dearborn Independent.”  American Journalism 14 (1997): 411-424.

Fox, Craig. “‘Give This Copy of the Kourier Magazine to Your Friend. You Will Help Him. You Will also Help Society’: 1920s KKK Print, Propaganda, and Publicity,” in Modern Print Activism in the United States, ed. Rachel Schreiber. Farnham: Ashgate, 2013. 

Fry, John J.  “Reading Reform and Rural Change: The Midwestern Farm Press, 1895-1920.”  PhD dissertation, University of Iowa, 2002.

Fuller, P. Brooks.  “Heritage and Hate: Constructing Identity in the Raleigh News and Observer’s Progressive-Era Coverage of the Ku Klux Klan.” American Journalism 35:4 (Fall 2018): 444-468.

Fulwider, Chad R.  German Propaganda and U.S. Neutrality in World War I.  Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2015.

Gabler, Neal. Winchell: Gossip, Power, and the Culture of Celebrity. New York: Knopf, 1994.

Gamache, Ray. “Breaking Eggs for a Holodomor: Walter Duranty, the New York Times, and the Denigration of Gareth Jones.” Journalism History 39:4 (2014): 208-218.

Garcia, Cesar.  “Walter Lippmann and George Santayanna: A Shared Vision of Society and Public Opinion.”  Journal of American Culture 29:2 (June 2006): 183-190.

Garza, Melita M. “Sword and Cross in San Antonio: Reviving the Spanish Conquest in Depression-Era News Coverage.” Journalism History 39:4 (2014): 198-207.

Garza, Melita M.  “Framing Mexicans in Great Depression Editorials: Alien Riff-Raff to Heroes.”   American Journalism 34:1 (Winter 2017): 26-48.

Garza, Melita M.  They Came to Toil: Newspaper Representations of Mexicans and Immigrants in the Great Depression.  Austin: University of Texas Press, 2018.

Glende, Philip M.  “We Used Every Effort to be Impartial: The Complicated Response of Newspaper Publishers to Unions.”  American Journalism 29:2 (Spring 2012): 37-65.

Glende, Philip M.  “Labor Makes the News: Newspapers, Journalism, and Organized Labor, 1933-1955.”  Enterprise & Society 13:1 (January 2012): 39-52.

Glende, Philip.  “Westbrook Pegler and the Rise of the Syndicated Columnist.”  American Journalism 36:3 (Summer 2019): 322-347.

Goldberg, Michael J.  “Law, Labor, and the Mainstream Press: Labor Day Commentaries on Labor and Employment Law, 1882-1935.”  Labor Lawyer 15 (Summer 1999): 93-149.

Goldstein, Benjamin.  “A Legend Somewhat Larger than Life: Karl H. Von Wiegand and the Trajectory of Hearstian Sensationalist Journalism.” Historical Research 94 (August 2021): 629-659.

Golia, Julia.  Newspaper Confessions: A History of Advice Columns in a Pre-Internet Age.  New York: Oxford University Press, 2021.

Good, Howard.  Acquainted With the Night: The Image of Journalists in American Fiction, 1890-1930. Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press, 1986.

Good, Katie Day.  “Listening to Pictures: Converging Media Histories and the Multimedia Newspaper.”  Journalism Studies 18:6 (June 2017): 691-709.   

Gorbach, Julien.  “The Journalist and the Gangster: A Devil’s Bargain, Chicago Style.” Journalism History 41:1 (Spring 2015): 39-50.

Gorbach, Julien.  “The Non-Jewish Jew: Walter Lippmann and the Pitfalls of Journalistic Detachment.” American Journalism 37:3 (2020): 321-345.

Gordon, Lynn D.  “Why Dorothy Thompson Lost Her Job: Political Columnists and the Press Wars of the 1930s and 1940s.”  History of Education Quarterly 34:3 (Autumn 1994): 281-303.

Gottlieb, Agnes H.  Women Journalists and the Municipal Housekeeping Movement, 1868-1914.  Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen Press, 2001.

Graham, Thomas. “Charles H. Jones of the Post-Dispatch: Pulitzer’s Prize Headache.” Journalism Quarterly 56:4 (1979): 788-892, 802

Grant, Rachel, and Cristina Mislan. “Improving the Race: The Discourse of Science and Eugenics in Local News Coverage, 1905-1922.” American Journalism 37:4 (Fall 2020): 476-499.

Gray, Lee A. “The Forgotten Man: The Rhetorical Construction of Class and Classlessness in Depression Era Media.” PhD dissertation, Ohio University, 2003.

Gray, Paige.  Cub Reporters: American Children’s Literature and Journalism in the Golden Age.  New York: SUNY Press, 2019.

Green, Martin.  “The American Spectator: A Literary Newspaper and the Cultural Politics of the Early 1930s.”  Biblion 7 (Fall 1998): 36-55.

Green, Norma, Steve Lacy, and Jean Folkerts.  “Chicago Journalists at the Turn of the Century: Bohemians All?”  Journalism Quarterly 66 (1989): 813-21.

Greene-Bly, Melissa, and John Bickers.  “War Chief, Friend of the President, Prohibitionist: Would the ‘Real’ Little Turtle Please Stand Up.” American Journalism 40:3 (2023): 290-308.

Grenier, Justin.  “Upton Sinclair and the Press: The Brass Check Reconsidered.” Journalism Quarterly 49:3 (1972): 427-436.

Griffith, Sally F. Home Town News: William Allen White and the Emporia Gazette. New York: Oxford University Press, 1988.

Gustafson, Kristin L.  “Constructions of Responsibility for Three 1920 Lynchings in Minnesota Newspapers: Marginalization of People, Groups, and Ideas.”  Journalism History 34:1 (Spring 2008): 42-53.

Hall, Sherry.  Warren G. Harding and the Marion Daily Star: How Newspapering Shaped a President.  The History Press, 2014.

Hamilton, James Frederick. “(Re)writing Communities: Dust-Bowl Migrant Identities and the Farm Security Administration Camp Newspaper at Arvin, California, 1938-1942.” PhD dissertation, University of Iowa, 1993.

Hamm, Bradley J. “Redefining Racism: Newspaper Justification for the 1924 Exclusion of Japanese Immigrants.” American Journalism 16, no. 3 (1999): 53–69.

Hammargren, Russell J.  “The Origin of the Press-Radio Conflict.”  Journalism Quarterly 13 (March 1936): 91-93.

Hanson, Elisha. “Official Propaganda and the New Deal,” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 179, (May 1935): 176-186.

Hardt, Hanno. “Constructing History: Artists, Urban Culture and the Image of Newspapers in 1930s America.” American Journalism 15, no. 3 (1998): 41–60.

Harrison, S.L.  “The Scopes ‘Monkey Trial’ Revisited: Mencken and the Editorial Art of Edmund Duffy.”  Journal of American Culture 17:4 (Winter 1994): 55-63.

Harrison, S.L.  “Mencken: Magnificent Anachronism.” American Journalism 13:1 (1996): 60-78.

Hartman, Darrell.  Battle of Ink and Ice: A Sensational Story of News Barons, North Pole Explorers, and the Making of Modern Media.  New York: Viking, 2023.  

Hayden, Joseph R.  “Public Ambassadors: The American Press and Diplomacy, 1918-1919.”  PhD dissertation, University of Indiana, 2002.

Hayden, Joseph R.  Negotiating in the Press: American Journalism and Diplomacy, 1918-1919.  Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2010.

Heald, Morrell.  Transatlantic Vistas: American Journalists in Europe, 1900-1940.  Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press, 1988.

Heineman, Kenneth.  “Media Coverage of the Dies Committee on Un-American Activities, 1938-1940.” Historian 55 (Autumn 1992): 37-52.

Herbst, Susan.  “Assessing Public Opinion in the 1930s-1940s: Retrospective Views of Journalists.” Journalism Quarterly 67 (1990): 943-949.

Herbst, Susan.  A Troubled Birth: The 1930s and American Public Opinion.  Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2021.

Herring, E. Pendleton. “Official Publicity under the New Deal.” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 179 (May 1935): 167-175.

Heuterman, Thomas H. “We Have the Same Rights as Other Citizens: Coverage of Yakima Valley Japanese Americans in the ‘Missing Decades’ of the 1920s and 1930s.” Journalism History 14:4 (Winter 1987): 94-103.  

Hindman, Elizabeth B. “Spectacles of the Poor: Conventions of Alternative News.” Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly 75:1 (1998): 177-193

Hobson, Fred C., Jr.  Serpent in Eden: H.L. Menken and the South.  Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1974.

Holt, Hamilton.  Commercialism and Journalism.  Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1909.

Howard, Trustin. Winchell and Runyon: The True Untold Story. Lanham, MD: Hamilton Books, 2010.

Hudson, Robert V.  “Will Irwin’s Crusade for the League of Nations.”  Journalism History 2:3 (Autumn 1975): 84-85, 97.

Hughes, Helen M.  News and the Human Interest Story.  Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1940.

Hume, Janice. “The ‘Forgotten’ 1918 Influenza Epidemic and Press Portrayal of Public Anxiety.” Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly77:4 (2000): 898-915.

Humphries, David T.  Different Dispatches: Journalism in American Modernist Prose.  New York: Routledge, 2006.

Hutchison, Phillip J., “Media, Motives, and White Hopes: The News Media’s Construction of the Era of Jack Johnson, 1908–1915.”  PhD dissertation, University of Utah, 2005.

Hutchison, Phillip J.  “Journalism and the Perfect Heat Wave: Assessing the Reportage of North America’s Worst Heat Wave, July-August 1936.”  American Journalism 25:1 (Winter 2008): 31-54.

Ickes, Harold.  America’s House of Lords: An Inquiry into Freedom of the Press.  New York: Harcourt, Brace & Co., 1939.

Ickes, Harold L., ed. Freedom of the Press Today: a Clinical Examination by 28 Specialists. New York: Vanguard Press, 1941.

Irwin, Lew, and Dwight Williams.  Deadly Times: The Bombing of the Los Angeles Times.  San Francisco: MacAdams Case, 2006.

“Is an Honest and Sane Newspaper Press Possible?”  American Journal of Sociology 15:3 (November 1909): 321-334.

Jackaway, Gwenyth L.  Media at War: Radio’s Challenge to the Newspapers, 1924-1939.  Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1995.

Jeurgens, George.  News from the White House: The Presidential-Press Relationship in the Progressive Era.  Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1981.

Johnson, Thomas J., and Wayne Wanta.  “Exploring FDR’s Relationship with the Press: A Historical Agenda-Setting Study.”  Political Communication 12 (1995): 157-172.

Jones, Robert W.  The Editorial Page.  New York: Crowell, 1930.

Kaszuba, Beth.  “Mob Sisters: Women Reporting on Crime in Prohibition-Era Chicago.” PhD dissertation, Penn State University, 2013.

Kates, James.  “Editor, Publisher, Citizen, Socialist: Victor L. Berger and His Milwaukee Leader.” Journalism History 44:2 (Summer 2018): 79-88.   

Kenney, Keith R., and Brent W. Unger. “The Mid-Week Pictorial: Forerunner of the American News-Picture Magazines.” American Journalism 11:3 (1994): 242-256.

Kielbowicz, Richard B.  “The Limits of the Press as an Agent of Reform: Minneapolis, 1900-1905.”  Journalism Quarterly 59 (Spring 1982): 21-27.

Kielbowicz, Richard B.  “Postal Subsidies for the Press and the Business of Mass Culture, 1880-1920.” Business History Review 64 (1990).

Kirkpatrick, Bill, “Localism in American Media, 1920–1934.” PhD dissertation, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 2006.

Kitch, Carolyn. “Family Pictures: Constructing the ‘Typical’ American in 1920s Magazines.” American Journalism 16:4 (1999): 57-75.

Kneebone, John T.  Southern Liberal Journalists and the Issue of Race, 1920-1944.  Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1985.

Knudson, Jerry W.  “The Ultimate Weapon: Propaganda and the Spanish Civil War.”  Journalism History 15:4 (Winter 1988): 102-111.

Krehbiel, Randy.  Tulsa, 1921: Reporting a Massacre.  Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2019.

Kreiner, Kevin A.  “The Age of Supermen: Fascism, Democracy, and the Perception of the Heroic in the Mass Media, 1914-1945.”  PhD dissertation, University of Dallas, 2003.

Krome, Frederic.  “From Liberal Philosophy to Conservative Ideology: Walter Lippmann’s Opposition to the New Deal.” Journal of American Culture 10:1 (Spring 1987): 57-64.

Kurth, Peter.  American Cassandra: The Life of Dorothy Thompson.  Boston: Little, Brown, 1990.

Lacy, Stephen.  “The Effect of the Growth of Radio on Newspaper Competition, 1929-1948.”  Journalism Quarterly 64 (Winter 1987): 775-781.

Lakey, Thomas A.  The Morals of Newspapermaking.  Notre Dame: University Press, 1924.

Lawrence, David.  “Reporting the Political News at Washington.”  American Political Science Review 22:4 (November 1928): 893-902.

Lawson, Linda. Truth in Publishing: Federal Regulation of the Press’ Business Practices, 1880-1920. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1993.

Leab, Daniel J.  A Union of Individuals: The Formation of the American Newspaper Guild, 1933-1936. New York: Columbia University Press, 1970.

Liebovich, Louis W.  Bylines of Despair: Herbert Hoover, the Great Depression, and the U.S. News Media. Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 1994.

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Lippmann, Walter. Public Opinion. New York: The Free Press, 1922.

Lipstadt, Deborah E.  Beyond Belief:  The American Press and the Coming of the Holocaust. New York: Free Press, 1986.

Little, Alexia. “Cementing Their Heroes: Historical Newspaper Coverage of Confederate Monuments.” Journalism History 48:3 (July 2022): 199-221.

Little, Geoffrey Robert. “Print Paper Ought to Be Free as the Air and Water: American Newspapers, Canadian Newsprint, and the Payne-Aldrich Tariff, 1909-1913.”  American Periodicals 32:1 (2022): 53-69.

Loew, Patty.  “Natives, Newspapers, and Fightin’ Bob: Wisconsin Chippewa in the Unprogressive Era.” Journalism History 23:4 (Winter 1997/98): 149-158

Lott, George E.  “The Press-Radio War of the 1930s.”  Journal of Broadcasting 14 (Summer 1970): 275-286.

Lowitt, Richard, and Maurine Beasley.  One Third of the Nation: Lorena Hickok’s Reports on the Great Depression.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1983.

Lucarelli, Susan.  “The Newspaper Industry’s Campaign against Spacegrabbers, 1917-1921.”  Journalism Quarterly 70 (1993): 883-92.

Lucht, Tracy, and Chelsea Davis. “Gender, Race, and Place in Newspaper Coverage of Women ‘Firsts’ After the Nineteenth Amendment.” Journalism History 47:4 (2021): 333-352

Lumsden, Linda J.  “Beauty and the Beasts: The Significance of Press Coverage of the 1913 National Suffrage Parade.”  Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly 77:3 (Autumn 2000): 593-611.

Lumsen, Linda J.  “The New York Daily Call: Challenges of Sustaining a Socialist Identity in the Daily Newspaper Market, 1908-1923.” Journalism History 39:4 (Winter 2014): 219-230.

MacDougal, Curtis.  Interpretive Reporting.  New York: MacMillan, 1938.

MacNeil, Neil.  Without Fear or Favor.  New York: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich, 1940.

McCamy, James L.  Federal Publicity: Its Practice in Federal Administration. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1939.

McDaneil, Toni. “A Hitler Myth?” Journalism History 17:3/4 (Autumn 1990/Winter 1991): 46-53.  Image of Hitler in US media in the 1930s

McGerr, Michael E.  The Decline of Popular Politics: The American North, 1865-1928.  New York: Oxford University Press, 1986.  See especially chapter 5, “The Press Transformed.”

Marcellus, Jane.  “These Working Wives: Representation of the ‘Two Job’ Woman Between the World Wars.”  American Journalism 23:3 (Summer 2006): 53-78.

Mari, Will.  “Unionization in the American Newsroom, 1930-1960.” Journal of Historical Sociology 31:3 (September 2018): 265-281.

Mari, Will.  “Songs of the Craft: Newsroom Poetry in Twentieth-Century American Journalism.”  Journalism History46:4 (2020): 301-320.

Marks, Patricia.  Bicycles, Bangs, and Bloomers: The New Woman in the Popular Press.  Lexington: University of Kentucky Press, 1990.

Marzolf, Marion. Civilizing Voices: American Press Criticism, 1880-1950. New York: Longman, 1991.

Milton, George Fort.  “The Responsibility of the Press in a Democracy.”  American Political Science Review 30:4 (August 1936): 681-691.

Monk, Craig.  “The Wight of Forty-Four Pounds: Commercial Publishing Houses and transition Magazine in the 1930s.”  American Periodicals 25: 1 (2015): 80-93.

Moore, Paul S.  “Bought, Sold, Exchanged, and Rented: The Early Film Exchange and the Market in Secondhand Films in New York Clipper Classified Ads.”  Film History 31:2 (Summer 2019): 1-31.

Morath, Max. “Translating Mr. Dooley: A New Examination of the Journalism of Finley Peter Dunne.”  Journal of American Culture 27:2 (June 2004): 147-156.

Murray, George.  Madhouse on Madison Street.  Chicago: Follett, 1965.  (Chicago American)

Mugleson, William F. “Julian Harris, the Georgia Press, and the Ku Klux Klan.” Georgia Historical Review 59:3 (1975): 289-295.  

Mugridge, Ian.  The View from Xanadu: William Randolph Hearst and American Foreign Policy.  Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 1995.

Murray, Michael D. “The St. Louis Post-Dispatch Campaign Against Radio’s Middle Commercials.” American Journalism 6:1 (1989): 30-40.

Nakamura, Kelli Y. “‘Violence and Press Incendiarism’: Media and Labor Conflicts in the 1909 Strike.” Hawaiian Journal of History 45 (2011): 69–99.

Neville, John F.  Twentieth Century Cause Celebre: Sacco, Vanzetti, and the Press, 1920-1927.  Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 2004.

Ogden, Rollo.  “Journalism and Public Opinion.”  Proceedings of the American Political Science Association 9 (1912): 194-200.

Ogles, Robert M., and Herbert H. Howard.  “Father Coughlin in the Periodical Press, 1931-1942.”  Journalism Quarterly 6l (1984): 280-86, 363. 

Olasky, Marvin N. “When World Views Collide: Journalists and the Great Monkey Trial.” American Journalism 4 (1987): 133–46.

Olasky, Marvin N. “Abortion News in the Late 1920s: A New York Case Study.” Journalism Quarterly 66:3 (1989): 724-726.

Olmsted, Kathryn S.  The Newspaper Axis: Six Press Barons Who Enabled Hitler. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2022.   Includes Hearst, McCormick, and Patterson. 

Packer, Cathy.  “Conglomerate Newspaper Ownership: International Paper Company, 1928-29.”  Journalism Quarterly 60 (Autumn 1983): 480-483.

Park, Robert E.  “The Natural History of the Newspaper.”  American Journal of Sociology 28 (November 1923): 273-289.

Park, Tae Jin. “Guiding Public Opinion on the Far Eastern Crisis, 1931–1941: The American State Department and Propaganda on the Sino-Japanese Conflict.” Diplomacy and Statecraft 22:3 (2011): 388–407.

Parks, Perry.  “Summer for the Scientists?  The Scope Trial and the Pedagogy of Journalism.”  Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly 92:2 (June 2015): 444-467.

Parmenter, William.  “The News Control Explanation of News Making: The Case of William Randolph Hearst, 1920-1940.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of Washington, 1979.

Patnode, Randall. “Friend, Foe, or Freeloader? Cooperation and Competition between Newspapers and Radio in the Early 1920s.” American Journalism 28 (Winter 2011): 75–95.

Perloff, Richard M.  “The Press and Lynchings of African Americans.” Journal of Black Studies 30 (January 2000): 315-330.

Phelps, Christopher.  “Heywood Broun, Benjamin Stolberg, and the Politics of American Labor Journalism in the 1920s and 1930s.”  Labor: Studies in Working Class History of the Americas 15:1 (March 2018): 25-51.

Poirer, Suzanne.  Chicago’s War on Syphilis, 1937-1940:  The Times, The Trib, and the Clap Doctor.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1995.

Ponce de Leon, Charles L.  Self-Exposure: Human Interest Journalism and the Emergence of Celebrity in America, 1890-1940.  Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002.

Ponder, Stephen. “Federal News Management in the Progressive Era: Gifford Pinchot and the Conservation Crusade.” Journalism History 13:2 (Summer 1986): 42-48.

Ponder, Stephen. “Partisan Reporting and Presidential Campaigning: Gilson Gardner and E.W. Scripps in the Election of 1912.” Journalism History 17:1/2 (Spring/Summer 1990): 3-12.

Ponder, Stephen. “Non-Publicity and the Unmaking of a President: William Howard Taft and the Ballinger-Pinchot Controversy of 1909-1910.” Journalism History 19:4 (Winter 1994): 111-120.

Porwancher, Andrew. “Objectivity’s Prophet: Adolph S. Ochs and the New York Times, 1896–1935.” Journalism History 36 (Winter 2011): 186–195.

Postol, Todd Alexander. “Creating the American Newspaper Boy: Middle-Class Route Service and Juvenile Salesmanship in the Great Depression.” Journal of Social History 31:2 (Winter 1997): 327-345.

Postel, Todd A.  “Masculine Guidance: Boys, Men, and Newspapers 1930-1939.”  Enterprise and Society (June 2002): 355-390.

Pressman, Matthew.  “Black and White and Red All Over: Reassessing Newspapers’ Role in the Red Scare of 1919.”  Journalism History 39:1 (Spring 2013): 29-39.

Pressman, Matthew.  “Ambivalent Accomplices: How the Press Handled FDR’s Disability and How FDR Handled the Press.” Journal of the Historical Society 13:3 (September 2013): 325-359.  

Pressman, Matthew.  “The New York Daily News and the History of Conservative Media.” Modern American History 4:3 (November 2021): 219-238.

Pribanic-Smith, Erika J. “Turning Right or Standing Still? Virginius Dabney and the New Deal in Virginia, 1930-1942.” American Journalism 28:1 (2011): 97-123.

Radder, Norman.  Newspapers in the Community Service.  New York: McGraw-Hill, 1926.  

Rapoport, Ron, ed.  The Lost Journalism of Ring Lardner.  Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2017.

Reilly, Kevin S.  “Dilettantes at the Gate: Fortune Magazine and the Cultural Politics of Business Journalism in the 1930s.”  Business and Economic History 28:2 (Winter 1999): 213-222.

Rodgers, Ronald R.  “The Problems of Journalism: An Annotated Bibliography of Press Criticism in Editor & Publisher, 1901-1923.”  Media History Monographs 9:2 (2006-2007): 1-41.

Rodgers, Ronald R.  “A Strange Absence of News: The Titanic, the Times, Checkbook Journalism, and the Inquiry into the Public’s Right to Know.”  Journalism History 41:1 (Spring 2015): 31-38.

Rogers, Jason.  Newspaper Building.  New York: Harper and Bros., 1918.

Rondinone, Troy. The Great Industrial War: Framing Class Conflict in the Media, 1865-1950. Piscataway, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2010.

Ross, Charles G.  The Writing of News.  New York: Henry Holt, 1911.

Ruth, David E. Inventing the Public Enemy: The Gangster in American Culture, 1918-1924.  Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996.

Scharlott, Bradford W.  “The Hoosier Journalist and the Hooded Order: Indiana Press Reaction to the Ku Klux Klan in the 1920s.”  Journalism History 15:4 (Winter 1988): 122-131.

Schuman, Edwin L.  Practical Journalism:  A Complete Manual of the Best Newspaper Methods.  New York: D. Appleton, 1903.

Seldes, George.  Lords of the Press.  New York: Messner, 1938.

Seyb, Ronald P.  “What Walter Saw: Walter Lippmann, the New York World, and Scientific Advocacy as an Alternative to the News-Opinion Dichotomy.”  Journalism History 41:2 (Summer 2015): 58-72.

Seyb, Ronald.  “Trouble With the Statistical Curve: Walter Lippmann’s Blending of History and Social Science During Franklin Roosevelt’s First Term.” American Journalism 32:2 (2015): 138-160.

Seyb, Ronald P. “The Shimmer in the Twilight: Walter Lippmann’s Public Opinion and the Journalist’s Way of Knowledge.” Journalism History 48:2 (Summer 2022): 157-177.

Seyb, Ronald P. “The Journalist and the Manipulator: Walter Lippmann, Karl Mannheim, and the Case of a ‘New Objectivity’ to Check Demagoguery.” American Journalism 39:2 (2022): 196-221.

Sharback, Sarah Ellen.  “Stereotypes of Latin America, Press Images, and US Foreign Policy, 1920-1933.”  PhD dissertation, University of Washington, 1991.

Shaw, Christopher W.  “The Story Was Not Printed: The Press Covers the 1930s Banking Crisis.” Journalism History45:1 (2019): 26-44.

Sheehy, Michael.  “Capitalism as a Necessary Evil: How E.W. Scripps Charted a Cautious Course Toward the Left.” American Journalism 28:2 (Spring 2011): 7-21.

Shi, David E.  Facing Facts: Realism in American Thought and Culture, 1850-1920.  New York: Oxford University Press, 1995.

Shore, Elliot.  Talkin’ Socialism: J.A. Wayland and the Role of the Press in American Radicalism, 1890-1912.  Lawrence: University of Kansas Press, 1988.

Shulman, Stuart W.  “The Progressive Era Farm Press: A Primer on a Neglected Source of Journalism History.” Journalism History 25 (Spring 1999): 26-35.

Siddons, Louise.  “The Future of the American Race: Reproducing the Racialized Nation in Print Media, 1925-1940.”  PhD dissertation, Stanford University, 2006.

Simmons, Charlene. “A Marriage of Friends or Foes? Radio, Newspapers, and the Facsimile in the 1930s.” Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 60:3 (2016): 410-424.  

Simpson, Edgar. “Predatory Interests and The Common Man: Scripps, Pinchot, and the Nascent Environmental Movement, 1908 to 1910.” Journalism History 39:3 (2013): 145-155.

Simpson, George E. The Negro in the Philadelphia Press. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1936.

Sinclair, Upton.  The Brass Check: A Study of American Journalism.  privately published, 1920.

Sloan, Wm. David. “Historians and the American Press, 1900–1945: Working Profession or Big Business?” American Journalism 3 (1986): 154–6.

Smith, Erin A.  “How the Other Half Read: Advertising, Working Class Readers, and Pulp Magazines.”  Book History 3 (2000): 204-230.

Smith, Gene, and Jane Barry Smith, eds.  The Police Gazette.  New York: Simon and Schuster, 1972.

Smith, Reed W.  “Southern Journalists and Lynching: The Statesboro Case Study.”  Journalism and Mass Communication Monographs 7:2 (Summer 2005).

Smith, Ron F. “The Klan’s Retribution against an Indiana Editor: A Reconsideration.” Indiana Magazine of History 106 (December 2010): 381–400.

Smythe, Ted Curtis. “The Advertisers’ War to Verify Newspaper Circulation, 1870-1914.” American Journalism (3) 1986: 167-180.

Sneed, Don.  “Newspapers Call for Swift Justice: A Study of the McKinley Assassination.”  Journalism Quarterly 65 (1988): 360-67.

Soderlund, G.  “Covering Urban Vice: The New York Times, ‘White Slavery,’ and the Construction of Journalistic Knowledge.”  Critical Studies in Media Communication 19:4 (December 2002): 438-60.

Soderlund, Gretchen.  Sex Trafficking, Scandal, and the Transformation of Journalism, 1885-1917.  Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2013.  

Spaulding, Stacy.  “The Intellectual Eater: The Regional Food Editorials of H.L. Mencken.”  Journalism History 43:3 (Fall 2017): 154-161.

Spaulding, Stacy.  “Literary Style and Commercial Strategy: The Legacy of H.L. Mencken and the Great American Literary Boom.” Menckeniana, No. 225 (Fall 2020): 23-33.

Spratt, Meg. “Science, Journalism, and the Construction of News: How Print Media Framed the 1918 Influenza Pandemic.” American Journalism 18:3 (2001): 61-79.

St. John, Burton.  “Journalism’s Counterinsurgency Against ‘Free Space’:  The ANPA Anti-Publicity Bulleting, 1921-26.”  Journalism History 35”2 (Summer 2009): 91-97.

Stamm, Michael. Sound Business: Newspapers, Radio, and the Politics of New Media. Philadelphia University of Pennsylvania Press, 2011.

Starck, Lindsay. “Janet Flanner’s ‘High-Class Gossip’ and American Nationalism Between the Wars.” The Journal of Modern Periodical Studies 7, no. 1–2 (2016): 1–25. 

Startt, James D.  “Colonel Edward M. House and the Journalists.” American Journalism 27 (Summer 2010): 27–58.

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Stein, Harry H.  “The Oregonian Navigates the Great Depression.”  Oregon Historical Quarterly 114:2 (Summer 2013): 174-203.

Stevens, John D. “Social Utility of Sensational News: Murder and Divorce in the 1920s.” Journalism Quarterly 62:1: 53-58.

Stewart, Kenneth N.  News is What We Make It: A Running Story of the Working Press.  Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1970.  (reprint of 1943 Houghton-Mifflin edition)

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Streitmatter, Rodger.  Voices of Revolution: The Dissident Press in America.  New York: Columbia University Press, 2001.

Swanberg, Susan E.  “Well-Bred and Well-Fed: The Science Service Covers Eugenics, 1924-1966.”  American Journalism 38:2 (Spring 2021): 202-230.

Teel, Leonard Ray.  The Public Press, 1900-1945.  Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 2006.

Theoharis, Athan. “The FBI, the Roosevelt Administration, and the ‘Subversive’ Press.” Journalism History 19:1 (Spring 1993): 3-10.

Thornton, Brian. “When a Newspaper was Accused of Killing a President: How Five New York City Newspapers Reacted.”  Journalism History 26:3 (Summer 2000): 108-116.

Thorpe, Merle, ed.  The Coming Newspaper.  New York, 1915.

Tolbert, Jane T. “Plowing Gold From the Wasteland: Media Portrayal of South Florida’s Boom, 1920-25.” Journalism History 33:2 (Summer 2007): 111-120.

Umphlett, Wiley Lee.  The Visual Focus of American Media: The Modern Era, 1893-1945.  Cranbury, NJ: Associated University Presses, 2004.

Underwood, Doug. “Depression, Drink, and Dissipation: The Troubled Inner World of Famous Journalist-Literary Figures and Art as the Ultimate Stimulant.” Journalism History 32:4 (Winter 2007): 186-200.

Van Every, Edward.  Sins of New York, as “Exposed” by the National Police Gazette.  New York: Stokes, 1930.

Vaughn, Stephen, and Bruce J. Evensen.  “Democracy’s Guardians: Hollywood’s Portrait of Reporters, 1930-1945.”  Journalism Quarterly 68 (1991): 829-838.

Walker, Stanley B.  City Editor.  New York: Blue Ribbon Books, 1934.

Wallace, Aurora.  Newspapers and the Making of Modern America: A History.  Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 2005.

Wallace, James.  Liberal Journalism and American Education: 1914-1941. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1991.

Walters, Timothy, and Lynne Masel Walters. “The Conspiracy of Silence: Media Coverage of Syphilis, 1906-1941.” American Journalism 8:4 (1991): 246-265.

Ward, Ken J.  “The Vilest Man in the Newspaper Business: F. G. Bonfils’s Case Against the Rocky Mountain News.”  Journalism History 45:3 (2019): 270-287.

Weaver, Michael.  “Judge Lynch in the Court of Public Opinion: Publicity and the Delegitimation of Lynching.”  American Political Science Review 113:2 (May 2019): 293-310.

Welky, David.  Everything Was Better in America: Print Culture in the Great Depression.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2008.

Wells, Rob.  “Serve it Up Hot and Brief: The Journalistic Innovations and Influence of Willard M. Kiplinger.”  American Journalism 38:2 (Spring 2021): 177-201.

Weston, Mary Ann.  Native Americans in the News: Images of Indians in the Twentieth Century Press. Westport: Greenwood Press, 1996.

White, Graham J.  FDR and the Press.  Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1979.

White, William Allen.  The Autobiography of William Allen White.  New York: Macmillan, 1946.

Willey, Malcolm M., and William Weinfeld.  “The Country Weekly: Trends in Numbers and Distribution, 1900-1930.”  Social Forces 13:1 (October 1934): 51-56.

Winfield, Betty H. FDR and the News Media.   Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1990. 

Winfield, Betty Houchin, and Janice Hume. “The American Hero and the Evolution of the Human Interest Story.” American Journalism 15, no. 2 (1998): 79–99.

Winfield, Betty Houchin. “The Press Response to the Corps of Discovery: The Making of Heroes in an Egalitarian Age.” Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly 80:4 (2003): 866-883.

Winfield, Betty Houchin, ed.  Journalism, 1908: Birth of a Profession.  Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2008.

Witherspoon, E. M.  “Courage of Convictions: The St. Louis Post-Dispatch, the New York Times, and Reform of the Pure Food and Drug Act, 1933-1937.”  Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly 75:4 (Winter 1998): 776-788.

Witwer, David.  “The Heyday of the Labor Beat.”  Labor: Studies in Working Class History of the Americas 10:2 (Summer 2013): 9-29.

Wolfe, G. Joseph.  “War of the Worlds and the Editors.” Journalism Quarterly 57:1 (Spring 1980): 39-44.

Wyche, Billy H.  “Southern Papers View Organized Labor in the New Deal Years.”  South Atlantic Quarterly 74 (1975): 178-196.

Yuill, Kevin. “A Man Should Be Permitted to Go Out of This World Whenever He Sees Fit: Suicide and Euthanasia in the American Press in the 1890s and 1900s.” Journal of Policy History 34:2 (April 2022): 213-244.

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