{"id":307,"date":"2021-09-18T17:20:34","date_gmt":"2021-09-18T17:20:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mupages.marshall.edu\/sites\/masscommhistorybibliography\/?page_id=307"},"modified":"2025-07-25T21:16:26","modified_gmt":"2025-07-25T21:16:26","slug":"retail-stores-mail-order-shopping-and-display-of-goods","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/mupages.marshall.edu\/masscommhistorybibliography\/retail-stores-mail-order-shopping-and-display-of-goods\/","title":{"rendered":"Retail Stores, Mail Order, Shopping, and Display of Goods"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/mupages.marshall.edu\/masscommhistorybibliography\/advertising-history-in-the-united-states-a-bibliographic-reference\/\">Advertising Index Page<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Abelson, Elaine S.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>When Ladies Go A-Thieving: Middle Class Shoplifters in the Victorian Department Store<\/em>.&nbsp; New York: Oxford University Press, 1989.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Amerian, Stephanie M.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cBuying European: The Marshall Plan and American Department Stores.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Diplomatic History<\/em>&nbsp;39:1 (January 2015): 45-69.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Appel, Joseph.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>A Business Biography of John Wanamaker, Founder and Builder<\/em>.&nbsp; New York, 1930.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Appel, Joseph H.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Growing Up with Advertising<\/em>.&nbsp; New York: Business Bourse, 1940.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Arceneaux, Noah.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cThe Wireless Window: Department Stores and Radio Retailing in the 1920s.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly<\/em>&nbsp;83:3 (Autumn&nbsp;2006): 581-595.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Arceneaux, Noah. \u201cWanamaker\u2019s Department Store and the Origins of Electronic Media, 1910\u20131922.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Technology and Culture<\/em>&nbsp;51 (October 2010): 809\u2013828.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Arceneaux, Noah.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cDepartment Stores and Television: Broadcasting the Display Window into the Home, 1939-1950.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;43:4 (Winter 2018): 219-227.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Baker, Henry Givins.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Rich\u2019s of Atlanta, the Story of a Store since 1867<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Atlanta: University of Georgia School of Business Administration, 1953.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Beal, Thomas David.&nbsp; &#8220;Selling Gotham: The Retail Trade in New York from the Public Market to Alexander T. Stewart&#8217;s Marble Palace, 1625-1860.&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp; PhD dissertation, State University of New York- Stony Brook, 1998.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Benson, Susan Porter.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Counter Cultures: Saleswomen, Managers, and Customers in American Department Stores 1890-1940.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/em>Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1986.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bjelopera, Jerome P.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>City of Clerks: Office and Sales Workers in Philadelphia, 1870\u00ad1920<\/em>.&nbsp; Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2005.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Brady, Maxine.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Bloomingdale\u2019s<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;New York: Harcourt, 1980.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bradley, Patricia. \u201cJohn Wanamaker\u2019s \u2018Temple of Patriotism\u2019 Defines&nbsp;Early&nbsp;20th Century Advertising and Brochures.\u201d&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;15, no. 2 (1998): 15\u201335.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bronner, Simon J., ed.,<em>&nbsp;Consuming Visions: Accumulation and Display of Goods in America 1880-1920.&nbsp;<\/em>New York: Norton, 1989.*<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A collection of essays by different scholars writing about the emergence of a consumer culture that placed emphasis on accumulation and display of goods in public and private spaces as a symbol of social and economic status and development.&nbsp; The authors employ a material culture approach to examine the acts, customs, and institutions that created and reflected the new culture of consumption.&nbsp; Individual essays examine the rise of the department store and retail display, changes in interior design, museum collections, rural consumption, and the increasing importance of &#8220;style,&#8221; among other topics.&nbsp; The collection, along with the extensive references included with each essay, make this a valuable resource for the study of material aspects of consumer culture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Buckley, Jim.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The Drama of Display<\/em>.&nbsp; New York:&nbsp; Pellegrini and Cudahy, 1953.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Case, Andrew N. \u201cThe Solid Gold Mailbox: Direct Mail and the Changing Nature of Buying and Selling in the Postwar United States.\u201d&nbsp;<em>History of Retailing and Consumption<\/em>&nbsp;1:1 (2015): 28-46.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Centennial Book of the John Wanamaker New York Store, formerly A.T. Stewart, 1823-1924<\/em>.&nbsp; New York: 1924.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cohen, Lizabeth A.&nbsp; &#8220;From Town Center to Shopping Center: The Reconfiguration of Community Marketplaces in Postwar America.&#8221;&nbsp;<em>American Historical Review<\/em>&nbsp;101 (October 1996): 1050-81.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Collins, Kenneth.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Retail Selling and the New Order<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;New York: Greenberg, 1934.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cross, Gary S, and Robert N. Proctor.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Packaged Pleasures: How Technology and Marketing Revolutionized Desire<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2014.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Curry, Mary E.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Creating an American Institution: The Merchandising Genius of J.C. Penny<\/em>.&nbsp; New York: Garland, 1993.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Demers, Elizabeth&nbsp;Sherburn. \u201cKeeping a Store: The Social and Commercial Worlds of John&nbsp;Askin&nbsp;in the Eighteenth-Century Great Lakes, 1763\u20131796.\u201d&nbsp; PhD dissertation, Michigan State University, 2010.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Deutsch, Tracey. &nbsp;<em>Building a Housewife\u2019s Paradise: Gender, Politics, and American Grocery Stores in the Twentieth Century<\/em>.&nbsp; Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2010.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Donovan, Frances R.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The Saleslady<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1929.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Doubman, J. Russell, and John R. Whitaker.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The Organization and Operation of Department Stores<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;New York: John Wiley, 1927.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dyer, Stephanie.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cMarkets in the Meadows: Department Stores and Shopping Centers in the Decentralization of Philadelphia, 1920-1980.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;PhD dissertation, University of Pennsylvania, 2000.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Elias, Stephen N.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Alexander T. Stewart: The Forgotten Merchant Prince<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1994.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Elvins, Sarah.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Sales &amp; Celebrations: Retailing and Regional Identity in Western New York State, 1920-1940<\/em>.&nbsp; Athens: Ohio University Press, 2004.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Emmett, Boris, and John E.&nbsp;Jeuck.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Catalogs and Counters: A History of Sears, Roebuck, and Company<\/em>.&nbsp; Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1950.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Esperdy, Gabrielle.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Modernizing Main Street: Architecture and Consumer Culture in the New Deal<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2008.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Federhen, Deborah A., et al.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Accumulation and Display: Mass Marketing Household Goods in America, 1880-1920<\/em>.&nbsp; Winterthur, DE: Winterthur Museum, 1986.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ferry, John William.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>A History of the Department Store<\/em>.&nbsp; New York: Macmillan, 1960.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fisch, Victoria. \u201cThe&nbsp;Danielewicz&nbsp;Store of&nbsp;Mokelumne&nbsp;Hill, California.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Western States Jewish History<\/em>&nbsp;44 (Fall 2011): 23\u201333.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fischer, A. T.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Window and Store Display<\/em>.&nbsp; Garden City: Doubleday, Page, and Co., 1921.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fitz-Gibbon, Bernice.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Macy&#8217;s, Gimbels and Me: How to Earn $90,000 a Year in Retail Advertising<\/em>.&nbsp; New York: Simon &amp; Schuster, 1967.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Forgosh, Linda B.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Louis Bamberger: Department Store Innovator and Philanthropist<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;New York: Brandeis University Press, 2016.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Friedman, Walter A.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Birth of a Salesman: The Transformation of Selling in America.<\/em>&nbsp; Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2004.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fullerton, Ronald A.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cThe Art of Public Relations: U.S. Department Stores, 1876-1923.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Public Relations Review<\/em>&nbsp;16:3 (Fall 1990): 68-79.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gibbons, Herbert Adams.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>John Wanamaker<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;New York: Harper, 1926.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Godinez, F. Laurent.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Display Window Lighting and the City Beautiful: Facts and New Ideas for Progressive Merchants<\/em>.&nbsp; New York, 1914.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gruen, Victor, and Larry Smith.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Shopping Town, USA: The Planning of Shopping Centers<\/em>.&nbsp; New York: Reinhold, 1960.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hahn, John, ed.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Twenty-Five Years of Retailing, 1911-1936<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;New York: National Retail Dry Goods Association, 1936.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hahn, Lew.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Stores, Merchants, and Customers<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;New York: Fairchild Publications, 1952.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hardwick, M. Jeffrey.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Mall Maker: Victor&nbsp;Gruen, Architect of the American Dream<\/em>.&nbsp; Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2004.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Harris, Leon.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Merchant Princes: An Intimate History of the Jewish Families Who Built Great Department Stores<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;New York: Harper, 1979.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Harris, Richard. \u201cThe Birth of the North American Home Improvement Store, 1905\u20131929.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Enterprise &amp; Society<\/em>&nbsp;10 (December 2009): 687\u2013728.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hendrickson, Robert.&nbsp;<em>&nbsp;The Grand Emporiums: The Illustrated History of America&#8217;s Great Department Stores<\/em>.&nbsp; New York: Stein and Day, 1978.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hess, Max.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Every Dollar Counts: The Story of the American Department Store<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;New York: Fairchild Publications, 1952.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Highland, Kristen Doyle.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cIn the Bookstore: The Houses of Appleton and Book Cultures in Antebellum New York City.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Book History<\/em>&nbsp;19:1 (2016): 214-255.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hine, Thomas.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The Total Package: The Evolution and Secret Meaning of Boxes, Bottles, Cans, and Tubes<\/em>.&nbsp; Boston: Little, Brown, 1995.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Howard, Vicki. \u201c\u2018The Biggest Small-Town Store in America\u2019: Independent Retailers and the Rise of Consumer Culture.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Enterprise &amp; Society<\/em>&nbsp;9 (September 2008): 457\u2013486.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Howard, Vicki.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cDepartment Store Advertising in Newspapers, Radio, and Television, 1920-1960.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journal of Historical Research in Marketing&nbsp;<\/em>2:1 (2010): 61-85.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Howard, Vicki.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>From Main Street to Mall: The Rise and&nbsp;Fall&nbsp;of the American Department Store<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2015.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hower, Ralph M.&nbsp; &#8220;Urban Retailing 100 Years Ago.&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Bulletin of the Business Historical Society<\/em>&nbsp;12 (December 1938).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hower, Ralph M.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>History of Macy&#8217;s of New York, 1858-1919<\/em>.&nbsp; Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1943.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hungerford, Edward.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The Romance of a Great Store<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;New York: Robert M. McBride, 1922.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Huppatz. D.J.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cRobot Salesmen: Automated Food Retailing in the United States, 1925-1939.\u201d&nbsp;<em>History of Retailing and Consumption<\/em>&nbsp;7:3 (2021): 261-276.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Iarocci, Louisa M.&nbsp; &#8220;Spaces of Desire: The Department Store in America.&#8221;&nbsp; PhD dissertation, Boston University, 2003.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Iarocci, Louisa.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Visual Merchandising: The Image of Selling<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;New York: Routledge, 2013.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Iarocci, Louisa.&nbsp;<em>The Urban Department Store in America, 1850-1930<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2014.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ingram, Paul, and Hayagreeva Rao.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cStore Wars: The Enactment and Repeal of Anti-Chain Store Legislation in America.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>American Journal of Sociology<\/em>&nbsp;110:2 (September 2004): 446-487.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jackson, Kenneth T.&nbsp; \u201cAll the World\u2019s a Mall: Reflections on the Social and Economic Consequences of the Shopping Center.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>American Historical Review<\/em>&nbsp;101 (October 1996): 1111-1121.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Johnson, Val Marie. \u201c\u2018Look for the Moral and Sex Sides of the Problem\u2019: Investigating Jewishness, Desire, and Discipline at Macy\u2019s Department Store, New York City, 1913.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journal of the History of Sexuality<\/em>18 (September 2009): 457\u2013485.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kimbrough, Emily.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Through Charley&#8217;s Door<\/em>.&nbsp; New York: Harper, 1952.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kirk, Nicole C.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Wanamaker\u2019s Temple: The Business of Religion in an Iconic Department Store<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;New York: New York University Press, 2018.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kirstein, George.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Stores and Unions: A Study of the Growth of Unionism in Dry Goods and Department Stores<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;New York: Fairchild Publications, 1950.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kowinski, William S.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The&nbsp;Malling&nbsp;of America<\/em>.&nbsp; New York: William Morrow, 1984.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kruger, David Delbert. \u201cChanging Times, Changing Spaces: The South Dakota Stores of J. C. Penney.\u201d&nbsp;<em>South Dakota History<\/em>&nbsp;40 (Winter 2010): 295\u2013334.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kruger, David Delbert. \u201cMain Street Empire: J. C. Penney in Nebraska.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Nebraska History<\/em>&nbsp;92 (Summer 2011): 54\u201369.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kruger, David Delbert. \u201cEarl&nbsp;Corder&nbsp;Sams&nbsp;and the Rise of J. C. Penney.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Kansas History&nbsp;<\/em>35 (Autumn&nbsp;2012): 164\u2013185.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kruger, David Delbert. \u201cThis Was J. C. Penny: A Century of James Penney\u2019s Main Street Department Stores in the Rocky Mountain West.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Montana: The Magazine of Western History<\/em>&nbsp;62 (Autumn&nbsp;2012): 3\u201326.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lange, Alexandra.\u00a0\u00a0<em>Meet Me By the Fountain: An Inside History of the Mall<\/em>.\u00a0\u00a0New York: Bloomsbury, 2022.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lasc, Anca I. \u201cThe Traveling Sidewalk: The Mobile Architecture of American Shop Windows at the Turn of the Twentieth Century.\u201d\u00a0<em>Journal of Design History<\/em>\u00a031, no. 1 (2018): 24\u201345.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Leach, William R.&nbsp; &#8220;Strategies of Display and the Production of Desire,&#8221; in&nbsp;Simon J.&nbsp;Bronner, ed.,<em>&nbsp;Consuming Visions: Accumulation and Display of Goods in America 1880-1920.&nbsp;<\/em>New York: Norton, 1989.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Leach explains major changes in retail practices and the rise of the urban retail store in the late 19th century.&nbsp; He outlines a cultural shift from a &#8220;Land of Comfort&#8221; in which Americans were surrounded by natural abundance and restraint to a &#8220;Land of Desire&#8221; centered on accumulation and the creation of wants and desires by advertisers and store windows.&nbsp; A key element in this shift was the use of electric lighting, colored glass, realistic mannequins, and music to transform a shop into a &#8220;retail environment,&#8221; creating a spectacle and attracting potential customers.&nbsp; John Wanamaker of Philadelphia, in particular, was a major innovator in the use of these modern techniques.&nbsp; Leach expanded greatly on these points in his 1993&nbsp;<em>Land of Desire<\/em>.&nbsp; See following entry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Leach, William R.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Land of Desire: Merchants, Power, and the Rise of a New American Culture.&nbsp;<\/em>New York: Pantheon, 1993.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lebhar, Godfrey M.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Chain Stores in America, 1859-1950<\/em>.&nbsp; Chicago: Crain, 1952.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Levinson, Marc.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The Great A&amp;P and the Struggle for Small Business in America<\/em>.&nbsp; Boston: Hill &amp; Wang, 2011.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Longstreth, Richard.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The Drive-In, the Supermarket, and the Transformation of Commercial Space in Los Angeles, 1919-1941<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Cambridge: MIT Press, 1999.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Longstreth, Richard.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cSears, Roebuck and the Remaking of the Department Store, 1924\u201342.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians<\/em>&nbsp;65 (June 2006): 238\u201379.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Longstreth, Richard.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The American Department Store Transformed, 1920-1960<\/em>.&nbsp; New Haven: Yale University Press, 2011.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Luxenberg, Stan.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Roadside Empires: How the Chains Franchised America<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;New York: Viking, 1985.<br><br>MacMaster, Richard K.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cPhiladelphia Merchants, Backcountry Shopkeepers, and Town-Making Fever.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Pennsylvania History<\/em>&nbsp;81 (Summer 2014): 342\u2013363.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mahoney, Tom, and Leonard Sloane.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The Great Merchants: America&#8217;s Foremost Retail Institutions and the People Who Made Them Great<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;rev.ed.&nbsp; New&nbsp;York: Harper and Row, 1966.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Malino, Sarah Smith.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cFaces Across the Counter: A Social History of Female Department Store Employees, 1870-1920.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;PhD dissertation, 1982.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Marcus, Leonard S.<em>&nbsp; The American Store Window<\/em>.&nbsp; New York: Whitney Library of Design, 1978.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mayer, Joseph.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The Revolution in Merchandise<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;New York: Greenberg, 1938.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mayo, James M.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The American Grocery Store: The Business Evolution of an Architectural Space<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Westport: Greenwood Press, 1993.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mayfield, Frank M.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The Department Store Story<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;New York: Fairchild Publications, 1949.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mayo, James M.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The American Grocery Store: The Evolution of a Business Space<\/em>.&nbsp; Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1993.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Means, Bertha.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cClothing Store Windows: Communication Through Style.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Studies in Visual Communication<\/em>&nbsp;7:4 (Fall 1981): 64-71.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>O&#8217;Connor, John E. and Charles F. Cummings, \u201cBamberger\u2019s Department Store, Charm Magazine, and the Culture of Consumption in New Jersey, 1924-1932.\u201d&nbsp;<em>New Jersey History<\/em>&nbsp;1984 102: 34 (1984): 1-33.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Orr, Emily M.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Designing the Department Store: Display and Retail at the Turn of the Twentieth Century<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;New York: Bloomsbury, 2020.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Parker, Traci.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Department Stores and the Black Freedom Movement: Workers, Consumers, and Civil Rights from the 1930s to the 1980s<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Perry, Charles R.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The Negro in the Department Store Industry<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Philadelphia: Wharton School of Finance and Commerce, 1971.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pitrone, Jean M.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>F.W. Woolworth and the American Five and Dime: A Social History<\/em>.&nbsp; Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2003.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pollack, Benjamin, and Janice Todd.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cBefore Charles Atlas: Earle&nbsp;Liederman, the 1920s King of Mail-Order Muscle.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journal of Sport History<\/em>&nbsp;44:3 (Fall 2017): 399-420.<br><br>Popp, Richard K.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cThe Anywhere, Anytime Market: The 800-Number, Direct Marketing, and the New Networks of Consumption.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Enterprise &amp; Society<\/em>&nbsp;19:3 (September 2018): 702-732.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Radtke, Terry. &#8220;Shopping in the Machine Age: Chain Stores, Consumerism, and the Politics of Business Reform.&#8221; in&nbsp;<em>The Quest for Social Justice<\/em>, Alan D.&nbsp;Corre, ed. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1992.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Remus, Emily.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>A Shopper\u2019s Paradise: How the Ladies of Chicago Claimed Power and Pleasure in the New Downtown<\/em>. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ressequie, Harry E.&nbsp; &#8220;Alexander&nbsp;Turney&nbsp;Stewart and the Development of the Department Store, 1823-1876.&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Business History Review<\/em>&nbsp;39 (Autumn&nbsp;1965) 301-322.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Robbins, Pamela D.&nbsp; &#8220;Stack &#8217;em&nbsp;High and Sell &#8217;em&nbsp;Cheap: James &#8220;Doc&#8221; Webb and Webb&#8217;s City, St. Petersburg, Florida.&#8221; PhD dissertation, Florida State University, 2003.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rosenbloom, Jack.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Ballyhoo, Bargains, and Banners<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;New York: Empire Publishing, 1934.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rubinow, I.M.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cPremiums in Retail Trade.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journal of Political Economy<\/em>&nbsp;13:4 (September 1905): 574-586.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Savitt, Ronald.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cThe Greatest Store West of Chicago: Meier &amp; Frank, 1857-1932.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journal of Historical Research in Marketing&nbsp;<\/em>9:1 (2017): 17-33.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Portland, Oregon<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Scott, Peter M., and James Walker. \u201cSales and Advertising Expenditure for Interwar American Department Stores.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journal of Economic History<\/em>&nbsp;71 (March 2011): 40\u201369.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Scharoun, Lisa.&nbsp;<em>America at the Mall: The Cultural Role of a Retail Utopia.<\/em>&nbsp;Jefferson: McFarland, 2012.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Scott, Peter M., and James Walker.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cSales and Advertising Expenditure for Interwar American Department Stores.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journal of Economic History<\/em>&nbsp;71:1 (March 2011): 40-69.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Smith, David Sellers. \u201cThe Elimination of the Unworthy: Credit Men and Small Retailers in Progressive Era Capitalism.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era<\/em>&nbsp;9 (April 2010): 197\u2013220.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Smith, Mary Ann.&nbsp; &#8220;John Snook and the Design for A.T. Stewart&#8217;s Store.&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>New York Historical Society Quarterly<\/em>&nbsp;58 (January 1974): 18-33.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Spears, Timothy B.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>100 Years on the Road: The Traveling Salesman in American Culture<\/em>.&nbsp; New Have: Yale University Press, 1995.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Spellman, Susan V.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Cornering the Market: Independent Grocers and Innovation in American Small Business.<\/em>&nbsp;&nbsp;New York: Oxford University Press, 2016.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Stranger, Howard R. \u201cThe Larkin Clubs of Ten: Consumer Buying Clubs and Mail-Order Commerce, 1890\u20131940.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Enterprise &amp; Society<\/em>&nbsp;9 (March 2008): 125\u201364.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Taft, William Nelson.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The Handbook of Window Display<\/em>.&nbsp; New York: McGraw-Hill, 1926.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tolbert, Lisa C.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Beyond Piggly Wiggly: Inventing the American Self-Service Store<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2023.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Traub, Marvin, and Tom Teicholz.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Like No Other Store: The Bloomingdale\u2019s Legend and the Revolution in American Marketing<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;New York: Times Books, 1993.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Twyman, Robert W.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>History of Marshall Field &amp; Co., 1852-1906<\/em>.&nbsp; Philadelphia, 1954.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Weisman, Winston.&nbsp; &#8220;Commercial Palaces of New York: 1845-1875.&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Art Bulletin<\/em>&nbsp;36 (December 1954): 285-302.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wendt, Lloyd, and Herman Kogan.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Give the Lady What She Wants<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Chicago: Rand MacNally, 1952.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(Marshall Field\u2019s)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wenger, Diane.&nbsp; &#8220;Delivering the Goods: The Country Storekeeper and Inland Commerce in the Mid-Atlantic.&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography<\/em>&nbsp;129 (January 2005): 45-72.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Whitaker, Jan.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Service and Style: How the American Department Store Fashioned the Middle Class<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;New York: St. Martin\u2019s, 2006.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>White, Sophie.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cA Baser Commerce: Retailing, Class, and Gender in French Colonial New Orleans.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>William and Mary Quarterly<\/em>&nbsp;63:3 (July 2006): 517-550.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Woloson, Wendy A.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cWishful Thinking: Retail Premiums in Mid-Nineteenth Century America.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Enterprise &amp; Society<\/em>&nbsp;13:4 (December 2012): 790-831.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wood, Barry James.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Shop Windows: 75 Years of the Art of Display.<\/em>&nbsp; New York, 1982.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zeide, Anna.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cGrocery Garbage: Food Waste and the Rise of Supermarkets in the Mid-Twentieth Century United States.\u201d&nbsp;<em>History of Retailing and Consumption<\/em>&nbsp;5:1 (2019): 71-86.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zukin, Sharon.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Point of Purchase: How Shopping Changed American Culture<\/em>.&nbsp; New York: Routledge, 2003.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/mupages.marshall.edu\/masscommhistorybibliography\/advertising-history-in-the-united-states-a-bibliographic-reference\/\">Advertising Index Page<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Advertising Index Page Abelson, Elaine S.&nbsp;&nbsp;When Ladies Go A-Thieving: Middle Class Shoplifters in the Victorian Department Store.&nbsp; New York: Oxford University Press, 1989. Amerian, Stephanie M.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cBuying European: The Marshall Plan and American Department Stores.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;Diplomatic History&nbsp;39:1 (January 2015): 45-69. Appel, Joseph.&nbsp;&nbsp;A Business Biography of John Wanamaker, Founder and Builder.&nbsp; New York, 1930. 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