{"id":173,"date":"2021-09-18T01:17:28","date_gmt":"2021-09-18T01:17:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mupages.marshall.edu\/sites\/masscommhistorybibliography\/?page_id=173"},"modified":"2025-08-10T20:56:28","modified_gmt":"2025-08-10T20:56:28","slug":"early-20th-century-journalism","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/mupages.marshall.edu\/masscommhistorybibliography\/early-20th-century-journalism\/","title":{"rendered":"Early 20th-Century Journalism"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/mupages.marshall.edu\/masscommhistorybibliography\/2021\/09\/17\/hello-world\/\">Back to Index Page<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Abel, Richard.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Menus for&nbsp;Movieland: Newspapers and the Emergence of American Film Culture<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Berkeley: University of California Press, 2015.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Abrams, Douglas Carl.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Selling the Old Time Religion: American Fundamentalists and Mass Culture, 1920-1940<\/em>.&nbsp; Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2001.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Abramson, Phyllis, Leslie.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Sob Sister Journalism<\/em>.&nbsp; Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1990.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Adams, Edward E. \u201cScripps Howard\u2019s Implementation of Joint Agreements for Newspaper Preservation, 1933-1939.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;23:4 (Winter 1997\/1998): 159-165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Adams, Ed. \u201cHow Corporate Ownership Facilitated a Split in the Scripps Newspaper Empire.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;27:2 (Summer 2001): 56-63.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Adams, Edward E.&nbsp; &#8220;Collusion and Price Fixing in the American Newspaper Industry: Market Preservation Trends, 1890-1910.&#8221;<em>&nbsp; Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly<\/em>&nbsp;79:2 (Summer 2002): 416-426.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Adams, Edward E., and Gerald J. Baldasty. \u201cSyndicated Service Dependence and a Lack of Commitment to Localism: Scripps Newspapers and Market Subordination.\u201d\u00a0<em>Journalsim and Mass Communication Quarterly<\/em>\u00a078:3 (2001): 519-532.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Allard, Andrea C. \u201cA War of Words: The\u00a0<em>Mesaba Ore and Hibbing News<\/em>\u00a0Takes on the \u2018Big Fellows.\u2019\u201d\u00a0<em>Minnesota History<\/em>\u00a065, no. 3 (2016): 101\u2013110.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Allen, Frederick Lewis.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Only Yesterday<\/em>.&nbsp; New York: Harper and Row, 1931.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Alpers, Benjamin L.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Dictators, Democracy, and American Public Culture: Envisioning the Totalitarian Enemy, 1920s\u20131950s<\/em>. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2003.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Amana, Harry. \u201cThe Noose and the Anti-Lynch Campaign.\u201d&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;17, no. 4 (2000): 53\u201354.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>American Society of Newspaper Editors.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Problems in Journalism<\/em>.&nbsp; Washington DC: ASNE, 1923-1930.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ames, William E., and Roger A. Simpson.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Unionism or Hearst: The Seattle Post Intelligencer Strike of 1936<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Seattle: Pacific Northwest Labor History Association, 1978.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Anderson, Mark Cronlund.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cThe Mythical Frontier, the Mexican Revolution, and the Press: An Imperial Subplot.\u201d<em>Canadian Review of American Studies<\/em>&nbsp;37:1 (2007): 1-22.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Arceneaux, Noah. \u201cRadio Facsimile Newspapers of the 1930s and 40s: Electronic Publishing in a Pre-Digital Era.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journal of Broadcasting &amp; Electronic Media<\/em>&nbsp;55:3 (2011): 344-359.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ardis, Ann L., and Patrick Collins, eds.&nbsp;<em>&nbsp;Transatlantic Press Culture, 1880-1940.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/em>New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Arnold-Foster, Tom. \u201cRethinking the Scopes Trial: Cultural Conflict, Media Spectacle, and Circus Politics.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journal of American Studies<\/em>&nbsp;56:1 (2022): 142-166.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Arnold-Foster, Tom. \u201cJournalism and Corruption in Chicago, 1912-1931.\u201d&nbsp;<em>The Historical Journal<\/em>&nbsp;65 (2022): 1374-1396.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Arnold-Foster, Tom.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cWalter Lippmann and Public Opinion.\u201d&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;40:1 (2023): 51-79.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Atkins, Aaron.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cYour Paper Saved Seattle: E.W. Scripps and the Star\u2019s Role in the General Strike of 1919.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;45:2 (2019): 157-175.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Atkins, Joseph B.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Covering for the Bosses: Labor and the Southern Press<\/em>.&nbsp; Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2008.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Auerbach, Jonathan.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Propaganda, Progressivism, and American Public Opinion<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2015.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Baldasty, Gerald J., and Myron K. Jordan. \u201cScripps\u2019 Competitive Strategy: The Art of Non-Competition.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism Quarterly<\/em>&nbsp;70:2 (1993): 265-275.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Baldasty, Gerald J.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cThe Economics of Working-Class Journalism: The E.W. Scripps Newspaper Chain, 1878-1908.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;23:1 (Spring 1999): 3-12.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Baldesty, Gerald J.  <em>E.W. Scripps and the Business of Newspapers<\/em>.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1999.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Baldwin, Neil.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The Mass Production of Hate: Henry Ford and the Jews<\/em>.&nbsp; New York: Public Affairs, 2001.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Barrett, James W.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The World, the Flesh, and&nbsp;Messrs&nbsp;Pulitzer<\/em>.&nbsp; New York: Vanguard, 1931.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Baughman, James L.&nbsp;<em>Henry R.&nbsp;Luce&nbsp;and the Rise of the American News Media.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/em>Boston:&nbsp;Twayne&nbsp;Publishers, 1987.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bauman, John F., and Thomas H. Coode.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>In the Eye of the Great Depression: New Deal Reporters and the Agony of the American People<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Dekalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1988.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Baylen, J. O. \u201cAn Anglo-American Press Conflict: The Titanic Disaster.\u201d&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp; 7, no. 3 (1990): 144\u201347.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Beasley, Maurine H.<em>&nbsp;Eleanor Roosevelt and the Media: A Public Quest for Fulfillment.&nbsp;<\/em>Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1987.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bent, Silas.&nbsp;<em>Ballyhoo: The Voice of the Press<\/em>.&nbsp; New York:&nbsp;Boni&nbsp;&amp;&nbsp;Liveright, 1927.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bent, Silas.<em>&nbsp;Strange Bedfellows: A Review of Politics, Personalities, and the Press<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;New York:&nbsp;Liveright, 1928.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bergan, Daniel, Stephen Lacy, Dustin Carnahan, Michael Stamm, and Daniel Krier, \u201cReinforcement in the Aggregate: Partisan Newspaper Circulation and the Presidential Vote, 1900-1928.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism Studies<\/em>&nbsp;22:14 (2021): 1911-1929.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bernhardt, Mark. \u201cWhat Kind of Parents Are You? The Discussion of Expectations for Parents in the Press Coverage of the Lindbergh Kidnapping.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;42:3 (2016): 164-175.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bessie, Simon M.&nbsp;<em>Jazz Journalism: The Story of the Tabloid Newspapers<\/em>.&nbsp; New York: Dutton, 1938.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Best, Gary Dean.&nbsp;<em>The Critical Press and the New Deal: The Press&nbsp;Versus&nbsp;Presidential Power, 1933-1938.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/em>Westport, Conn.: Prager, 1993.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bickel, Karl.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>New Empires: The Newspaper and the Radio<\/em>.&nbsp; Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1930.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Blanchard, Margaret A.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cFreedom of the Press and the Newspaper Code, June 1933-February 1934.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;<em>Quarterly<\/em>&nbsp;54 (Spring 1977): 40-49.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Blair, John L.&nbsp; &#8220;Coolidge the Image Maker: The President and the Press, 1923-1929.&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The New England Quarterly<\/em>&nbsp;46:4 (December 1973): 499-522.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bleyer, Willard G.,&nbsp;ed.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The Profession of Journalism<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Boston: Atlantic Monthly Press, 1918.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Blum, D. Steven.&nbsp;<em>Walter Lippmann: Cosmopolitan in the Century of Total War.&nbsp;<\/em>Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1984.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Boone Johnson, Edna, and Mary Helen Brown. \u201cJames Agee\u2019s Documentary Expression: Let Us Now Praise Famous Men as Journalism, Crossing the Fact-Fiction Border.\u201d&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;9: 1\/2 (1992): 53-64.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bork, Ulf Jonas. \u201cNewspaper Medicine: Medical Journals Attack the Press, 1898-1909.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;48:2 (Summer 2022): 124-141.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Boylan, James,&nbsp;ed.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The &#8216;World&#8217; and the Twenties: The Golden Years of New York&#8217;s Legendary Newspaper<\/em>.&nbsp; New York: Dial Press, 1973.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bradshaw, Katherine A.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cAmerica Speaks:\u2019 George Gallup\u2019s First Syndicated Public Opinion Poll.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;31:4 (Winter 2006): 198-205.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Brazil, John R.&nbsp; &#8220;Murder Trials, Murder, and Twenties America.&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>American Quarterly<\/em>&nbsp;33:2 (1981): 163-184.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Brennen, Bonnie. \u201cLockouts, Protests, and Scabs: A Critical Assessment of the \u2018Los Angeles <em>Herald Examiner<\/em> Strike.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Critical Studies in Media Communication<\/em>&nbsp;22, no. 1 (2005): 64\u201381.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Brinkley, Alan.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Voices of Protest: Huey Long, Father Coughlin, and the Great Depression.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/em>New York: Knopf, 1982.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Brucker, Herbert.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The Changing American Newspaper<\/em>.&nbsp; New York: Columbia University Press, 1937.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Burt, Elizabeth V.&nbsp; &#8220;Conflict of Interests: Covering Reform in the Wisconsin Press, 1910-1920.&#8221;&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;26:3 (Autumn&nbsp;2000): 95-107.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Burt, Elizabeth V.&nbsp; &#8220;Working Women and the Triangle Fire: Press Coverage of a Tragedy.&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;30:4 (Winter 2005): 189-199.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Burt, Elizabeth V. \u201cShocking Atrocities in Colorado: Newspapers\u2019 Responses to the Ludlow Massacre.\u201d&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;28 (Summer 2011): 61\u201383.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cain, Timothy Reese. \u201cOf Tempests, Laughing Horses, and Sacred Cows: Controlling College Student Presses Between the World Wars.\u201d&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;29:3 (2012): 9-39.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Campbell, W. Joseph.&nbsp;<em>Yellow Journalism: Puncturing the Myths, Defining the Legacies.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/em>Westport, Conn.:&nbsp;Praeger, 2001.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cassara, Catherine.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cTo the Edge of America: U.S. Newspaper Coverage of the 1939 Voyage of Jewish Refugees&nbsp;Aboard&nbsp;the MS&nbsp;<em>St. Louis<\/em>.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;42:2 (Winter 2017): 225-238.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Carew, Michael G.&nbsp; &#8220;The Interaction&nbsp;Among&nbsp;National&nbsp;Newmagazines&nbsp;and the Formulation of Foreign and Defense Policy in the Roosevelt Administration, 1939-1941.&#8221; PhD dissertation, New York University, 2002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Carlebach, Michael L.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>American Photojournalism Comes of Age.<\/em>&nbsp;Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1997.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Carlisle, Rodney P.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cWilliam Randolph Hearst: A Fascist Reputation Reconsidered.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism Quarterly<\/em>&nbsp;50:1 (1973): 125-133.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Carlisle, Rodney P.&nbsp; &#8220;The Foreign Policy Views of&nbsp;An&nbsp;Isolationist Press Lord: W.R. Hearst and the International Crisis, 1936-41.&#8221;&nbsp;<em>Journal of Contemporary History<\/em>&nbsp;9:3 (July 1974): 217-227.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Carlisle, Rodney P.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Hearst and the New Deal: The Progressive as Reactionary.&nbsp;<\/em>New York: Garland, 1979.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Carroll, Brian.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cDarktown: Newspaper Coverage of Atlanta\u2019s First Black Police, 1930-1960.\u201d&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;39:2 (2022): 142-168.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Carroll, Fred. \u201cThe Completely True Story of the Fraudulent Ethiopian Princess: Racial Stereotypes and Journalistic Conventions in the Framing of a Media Hoax.\u201d&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;39:1 (2022): 51-71.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Casey, Ralph D.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cRepublican Propaganda in the 1936 Campaign.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Public Opinion Quarterly<\/em>&nbsp;1:2 (April 1937): 27-44.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Casey, Robert J.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>News Reel<\/em>.&nbsp; Indianapolis:&nbsp;Bobbs-Merrill, 1932.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Caudill, Charles E.&nbsp; &#8220;The Evolution of an Idea: Darwin in the American Press, 1860-1925.&#8221; Ph.D. dissertation, University of North Carolina, 1986.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Caudill, Ed.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cA Content Analysis of Press Views of Darwin\u2019s Evolutionary Theory, 1860-1925.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism Quarterly<\/em>64:4 (1987): 782-786.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Caudill, Charles E.&nbsp; &#8220;The Roots of Bias: An Empiricist Press and Coverage of the Scopes Trial.&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism Monographs<\/em>&nbsp;114 (July 1989).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Chesler, Ellen.&nbsp;<em>Woman of Valor: Margaret Sanger and the Birth Control Movement in America.&nbsp;<\/em>New York: Simon &amp; Schuster,1992.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Chester, Giraud.&nbsp; &#8220;The Press-Radio War, 1933-1935.&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Public Opinion Quarterly<\/em>&nbsp;13 (Summer 1949): 252-264.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Chotkowski&nbsp;LaFollette, Marcel.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Reframing Scopes: Journalists, Scientists, and the Lost Photographs from the Trial of the Century<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2008.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Churchill, Allen.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Park Row,&nbsp;A&nbsp;Vivid Recreation of Turn of Century Newspaper Days<\/em>.&nbsp; New York: Reinhart, 1958.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cieslik-Miskimen, Caitlyn.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cHollywood in the Hinterland: Newspapers, Itinerant Films, and Community Identity in the 1920s.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Communication, Culture &amp; Critique<\/em>&nbsp;12:3 (September 2019): 378-396.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cieslik-Miskimen, Caitlin. \u201cWho Has a Right to Protest: Institutional and Student Media Coverage of a 1927 High School Student Strike.\u201d&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;42:2 (2025): 172\u2013191.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Commander, Lydia K.&nbsp; &#8220;The Significance of Yellow Journalism.&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Arena<\/em>&nbsp;34 (August 1905).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cooper, Anne M.&nbsp; &#8220;Suffrage as News: Ten Dailies&#8217; Coverage of the 19th Amendment.&#8221;&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;1 (Summer 1983): 73.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cott, Nancy F.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Fighting Words: The Bold American Journalists Who Brought the World Home Between the Wars<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;New York: Basic Books, 2020.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cover, Joseph Carman. \u201cMemoirs of a Pioneer County Editor.\u201d&nbsp;<em>The Wisconsin Magazine of History<\/em>&nbsp;11, no. 3 (1928): 247\u2013268.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Covert, Catherine L. and John D. Stevens, eds.,&nbsp;<em>Mass Media&nbsp;Between&nbsp;the Wars: Perceptions of Cultural Tensions.&nbsp;<\/em>Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1984.<em>*<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cox&nbsp;Bennion,&nbsp;Sherilyn.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cReform Agitation in the American Periodical Press, 1920-29.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism Quarterly<\/em>&nbsp;48 (Winter 1971): 652-659.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Crane, Jill J., and Marcella&nbsp;Lesher.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cBeyond the Campus: National and International News Coverage in College Newspapers, 1920-1940.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;44:2 (Summer 2018): 101-108.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cressman, Dale.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cNews in Lights: The Times Square Zipper and Newspaper Signs in an Age of Technological Enthusiasm.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;43:4 (Winter 2018): 186-197.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Crowl, Thomas.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Murder of a Journalist: The True Story of the Death of Donald Ring&nbsp;Mellett<\/em>.&nbsp;Kent: Kent State University Press, 2009.&nbsp;&nbsp;(Canton (OH) Daily News, 1920s)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Daniel, Douglas K.&nbsp; &#8220;Ohio Newspapers and the &#8216;Whispering Campaign&#8217; of the 1920 Presidential Election.&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;27:4 ( ): 156-164.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Danky, James P. and Wayne&nbsp;Wiegand, eds.,<em>&nbsp;Print Culture in a Diverse America.&nbsp;<\/em>Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1998.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Davenport, Walter, and James C. Derieux<em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Ladies, Gentlemen, and Editors.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/em>Garden City: Doubleday, 1960.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>DeFraia, Daniel.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cInto the State: How American Reporters Came to Work for the US Government.\u201d&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;40:4 (Fall 2023): 468-499.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Delman, Marty.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cThe Day they&nbsp;Blew&nbsp;up the LA Times.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Media History Digest<\/em>&nbsp;3:2 (Summer 1983): 36-47.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Denham, Bryan.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cOriental Irritants and Occidental Aspirants: Immigrant Portrayals in Hearst Magazines, 1905-1945.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism and Communication Monographs<\/em>&nbsp;24 (March 2022): 4-64.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dennis, Paul M. \u201cPress Coverage of the New Psychology by the&nbsp;<em>New York Times<\/em>&nbsp;during the Progressive Era.\u201d&nbsp;<em>History of Psychology<\/em>&nbsp;14 (May 2011) 113\u201336.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Desmond, Robert W.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Windows on the World: The Information Process in a Changing World<\/em>.&nbsp; Iowa City: University of Iowa Press, 1980.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Doherty, Thomas.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Little Lindy is Kidnapped: How the Media Covered the Crime of the Century<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;New York: Columbia University Press, 2020.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dooley, Patricia L. \u201cMinnesota Publishers and Editors as Elected Officials, 1923-1938: A Comparison of Journalistic Rhetoric and Conduct.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly&nbsp;<\/em>71:1 (1994): 64-75.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Drake, Robert G.&nbsp; &#8220;Manipulating the News: The U.S. Press and the Holocaust, 1933-1945.&#8221;&nbsp; PhD dissertation, State University of New York-Albany, 2003.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Edmondson, Aimee.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cPure Caucasian Blood: Libel by Racial Misidentification in American Newspapers (1900-1957).\u201d<em>&nbsp;&nbsp;American Journalism <\/em>38:21(Winter 2021): 54-80.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Edwards, Jerome E.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The Foreign Policy of Col. McCormick\u2019s Tribune, 1929-1941.&nbsp;<\/em>Reno: University of Nevada Press, 1971.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Elmore, Cindy.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cTerry Pettus and the 1936 Seattle Newspaper Strike: Pivotal Success for the Early American Newspaper Guild.\u201d&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;36:3 (Summer 2019): 300-321.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Enyeart, John P.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Death to Fascism: Louis Adamic\u2019s Fight For Democracy<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ethridge, Mark.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cThe South\u2019s New Industrialism and the Press.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Annals of Political and Social Science<\/em>&nbsp;153 (January 1931): 251-256.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Evans Comfort, Suzannah.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cBefore the Environment Was News: Outdoor Writers and the Boundaries of Journalism.\u201d&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;41:3 (2014): 296-320.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Evansen, Bruce J.&nbsp; &#8220;Journalism&#8217;s Struggle&nbsp;Over&nbsp;Ethics and Professionalism During America&#8217;s Jazz Age.&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism History&nbsp;<\/em>16:3 (Summer 1988): 54-63.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Evensen, Bruce J.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>When Dempsey Fought Tunney: Heroes, Hokum, and Storytelling in the Jazz Age<\/em>.&nbsp; Knoxville: University of Kentucky Press, 1996.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Evenson Williams, Elizabeth. \u201cThe Editor as Politician: W. R. Ronald and the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933.\u201d&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;13:1 (1996): 48-59.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fenstermaker, John.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>A Way to Live Now: How Journalism Shaped Ernest Hemingway<\/em>. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2025.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ferr\u00e9, John. \u201cSunday Newspaper and the Decline of Protestant Authority in the United States.\u201d&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;10, no. 1\u20132 (1993): 7\u201323.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fetner, Gerald L. \u201cThe Washington Correspondent in the Progressive Era: The New York Times\u2019 Charles Willis Thompson.\u201d&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;28 (Spring 2011): 23\u201347.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fetner, Gerald L.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cThe Editorial Writer in Depression-Era Politics and Law: The&nbsp;<em>St. Louis Star-Times<\/em>\u2019 Irving Brant.\u201d&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;30:4 (Fall 2013): 473-495.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fetner, Gerald L.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cPolitical Editor and Public Man in the Time of Roosevelt and Wilson: The New York World\u2019s Frank I. Cobb.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;32:2 (Spring 2015): 161-183.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fetner, Gerald L.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cModern Foreign Correspondents After World War I: The New York Evening Post\u2019s David Lawrence and Simeon&nbsp;Strunsky.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;34:3 (2017): 313-332.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Feu, Montse.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Fighting Fascist Spain: Worker Protest from the Printing Press<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2020.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Flint, L.N.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The Editorial<\/em>.&nbsp; New York: D. Appleton-Century, 1920.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Flint, Leon Nelson.&nbsp;<em>The Conscience of the Newspaper: A Case Book in the Principles and Problems of Journalism<\/em>. New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1925.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Floyd, Nate. \u201cBoundary Work, Journalism Education, and the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism &amp; Mass Communication Quarterly<\/em>,&nbsp;online (July 2024).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Forde, Kathy Roberts, and Sid Bedingfield, eds.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism and Jim Crow: White Supremacy and the Black Struggle for a New America<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2021.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fosdick, Scott.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cChicago Newspaper Theater Critics of the Early Twentieth Century.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;27:3 (Fall 2001): 122-128.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Foss, Katherine A.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Constructing the Outbreak: Epidemics in Media and Collective Memory<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2020.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Foust, James C. \u201cE.W. Scripps and the Science Service.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;21:2 (Summer 1995): 58-64.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Foust, James.&nbsp; &#8220;Mass Produced Reform: Henry Ford&#8217;s&nbsp;<em>Dearborn Independent<\/em>.&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;14 (1997): 411-424.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fox, Craig. \u201c\u2018Give This Copy of the&nbsp;<em>Kourier<\/em>&nbsp;Magazine to Your Friend. You Will Help Him. You Will also Help Society\u2019: 1920s KKK Print, Propaganda, and Publicity,\u201d in&nbsp;<em>Modern Print Activism in the United States,<\/em>&nbsp;ed. Rachel Schreiber.&nbsp;Farnham:&nbsp;Ashgate, 2013.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fry, John J.&nbsp; &#8220;Reading Reform and Rural Change: The Midwestern Farm Press, 1895-1920.&#8221;&nbsp; PhD dissertation, University of Iowa, 2002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fuller, P. Brooks.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cHeritage and Hate: Constructing Identity in the Raleigh&nbsp;<em>News and Observer<\/em>\u2019s Progressive-Era Coverage of the Ku Klux Klan.\u201d&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;35:4 (Fall 2018): 444-468.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fulwider, Chad R.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>German Propaganda and U.S. Neutrality in World War I<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2015.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gabler, Neal.&nbsp;<em>Winchell: Gossip, Power, and the Culture of Celebrity.&nbsp;<\/em>New York: Knopf, 1994.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gamache, Ray. \u201cBreaking Eggs for a Holodomor: Walter Duranty, the&nbsp;<em>New York Times<\/em>, and the Denigration of Gareth Jones.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;39:4 (2014): 208-218.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Garcia, Cesar.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cWalter Lippmann and George&nbsp;Santayanna: A Shared Vision of Society and Public Opinion.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journal of American Culture&nbsp;<\/em>29:2 (June 2006): 183-190.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Garza, Melita M. \u201cSword and Cross in San Antonio: Reviving the Spanish Conquest in Depression-Era News Coverage.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;39:4 (2014): 198-207.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Garza,&nbsp;Melita&nbsp;M.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cFraming Mexicans in Great Depression Editorials: Alien Riff-Raff to Heroes.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;34:1 (Winter&nbsp;2017): 26-48.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Garza, Melita M.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>They Came to Toil: Newspaper Representations of Mexicans and Immigrants in the Great Depression<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Austin: University of Texas Press, 2018.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Glende, Philip M.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cWe Used Every Effort to be Impartial: The Complicated Response of Newspaper Publishers to Unions.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;29:2 (Spring 2012): 37-65.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Glende, Philip M.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cLabor Makes the News: Newspapers, Journalism, and Organized Labor, 1933-1955.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Enterprise &amp; Society<\/em>&nbsp;13:1 (January 2012): 39-52.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Glende, Philip.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cWestbrook Pegler and the Rise of the Syndicated Columnist.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;36:3 (Summer 2019): 322-347.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Goldberg, Michael J.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cLaw, Labor, and the Mainstream Press: Labor Day Commentaries on Labor and Employment Law, 1882-1935.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Labor Lawyer<\/em>&nbsp;15 (Summer 1999): 93-149.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Goldstein, Benjamin.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cA Legend Somewhat Larger than Life: Karl H. Von Wiegand and the Trajectory of Hearstian Sensationalist Journalism.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Historical Research<\/em>&nbsp;94 (August 2021): 629-659.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Golia, Julia.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Newspaper Confessions: A History of Advice Columns in a Pre-Internet Age<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;New York: Oxford University Press, 2021.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Good, Howard.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Acquainted With the Night: The Image of Journalists in American Fiction, 1890-1930.&nbsp;<\/em>Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press, 1986.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Good, Katie Day.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cListening to Pictures: Converging Media Histories and the Multimedia Newspaper.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism Studies<\/em>&nbsp;18:6 (June 2017): 691-709.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gorbach, Julien.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cThe Journalist and the Gangster: A Devil\u2019s Bargain, Chicago Style.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;41:1 (Spring 2015): 39-50.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gorbach, Julien.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cThe Non-Jewish Jew: Walter Lippmann and the Pitfalls of Journalistic Detachment.\u201d&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;37:3 (2020): 321-345.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gordon, Lynn D.&nbsp; &#8220;Why Dorothy Thompson Lost Her Job: Political Columnists and the Press Wars of the 1930s and 1940s.&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>History of Education Quarterly<\/em>&nbsp;34:3 (Autumn&nbsp;1994): 281-303.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gottlieb, Agnes H.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Women Journalists and the Municipal Housekeeping Movement, 1868-1914<\/em>.&nbsp; Lewiston, NY: Edwin&nbsp;Mellen&nbsp;Press, 2001.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Graham, Thomas. \u201cCharles H. Jones of the&nbsp;<em>Post-Dispatch<\/em>: Pulitzer\u2019s Prize Headache.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism Quarterly<\/em>&nbsp;56:4 (1979): 788-892, 802<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Grant, Rachel, and Cristina Mislan. \u201cImproving the Race: The Discourse of Science and Eugenics in Local News Coverage, 1905-1922.\u201d&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;37:4 (Fall 2020): 476-499.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gray, Lee A. \u201cThe Forgotten Man: The Rhetorical Construction of Class and Classlessness in Depression Era Media.\u201d PhD dissertation, Ohio University, 2003.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gray, Paige.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Cub Reporters: American Children\u2019s Literature and Journalism in the Golden Age<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;New York: SUNY Press, 2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Green, Martin.&nbsp; &#8220;The American Spectator: A Literary Newspaper and the Cultural Politics of the Early 1930s.&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Biblion<\/em>&nbsp;7 (Fall 1998): 36-55.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Green, Norma, Steve Lacy, and Jean&nbsp;Folkerts.&nbsp; &#8220;Chicago Journalists at the Turn of the Century: Bohemians All?&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism Quarterly<\/em>&nbsp;66 (1989): 813-21.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Greene-Blye, Melissa, and John Bickers.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cWar Chief, Friend of the President, Prohibitionist: Would the \u2018Real\u2019 Little Turtle Please Stand Up.\u201d&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;40:3 (2023): 290-308.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Grenier, Justin.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cUpton Sinclair and the Press: <em>The Brass Check<\/em> Reconsidered.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism Quarterly<\/em>&nbsp;49:3 (1972): 427-436.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Griffith, Sally F.&nbsp;<em>Home Town News: William Allen White and the Emporia Gazette.&nbsp;<\/em>New York: Oxford University Press, 1988.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gustafson, Kristin L.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cConstructions of Responsibility for Three 1920&nbsp;Lynchings&nbsp;in Minnesota Newspapers: Marginalization of People, Groups, and Ideas.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;34:1 (Spring 2008): 42-53.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hall, Sherry.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Warren G. 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Unger. \u201cThe\u00a0<em>Mid-Week Pictorial<\/em>: Forerunner of the American News-Picture Magazines.\u201d\u00a0<em>American Journalism<\/em>\u00a011:3 (1994): 242-256.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kessler, Lauren. \u201cThe Ideas of Woman Suffrage and the Mainstream Press.\u201d\u00a0<em>Oregon Historical Quarterly<\/em>\u00a084, no. 3 (1983): 257\u2013275.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kielbowicz, Richard B.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cThe Limits of the Press as an Agent of Reform: Minneapolis, 1900-1905.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;<em>Quarterly<\/em>&nbsp;59 (Spring 1982): 21-27.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kielbowicz, Richard B.&nbsp; &#8220;Postal Subsidies for the Press and the Business of Mass Culture, 1880-1920.&#8221;&nbsp;<em>Business History Review<\/em>&nbsp;64 (1990).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kirkpatrick, Bill, \u201cLocalism in American Media, 1920\u20131934.\u201d PhD dissertation, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 2006.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kitch, Carolyn. \u201cFamily Pictures: Constructing the \u2018Typical\u2019 American in 1920s Magazines.\u201d&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;16:4 (1999): 57-75.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kneebone, John T.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Southern Liberal Journalists and the Issue of Race, 1920-1944<\/em>.&nbsp; Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1985.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Knudson, Jerry W.&nbsp; &#8220;The Ultimate Weapon: Propaganda and the Spanish Civil War.&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;15:4 (Winter 1988): 102-111.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Krehbiel, Randy.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Tulsa, 1921: Reporting a Massacre<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kreiner, Kevin A.&nbsp; &#8220;The Age of Supermen: Fascism, Democracy, and the Perception of the Heroic in the Mass Media, 1914-1945.&#8221;&nbsp; PhD dissertation, University of Dallas, 2003.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Krome, Frederic.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cFrom Liberal Philosophy to Conservative Ideology: Walter Lippmann\u2019s Opposition to the New Deal.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journal of American Culture<\/em>&nbsp;10:1 (Spring 1987): 57-64.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kurth, Peter.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>American Cassandra: The Life of Dorothy Thompson.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/em>Boston: Little, Brown, 1990.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lacy, Stephen.&nbsp; &#8220;The Effect of the Growth of Radio on Newspaper Competition, 1929-1948.&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism Quarterly<\/em>&nbsp;64 (Winter 1987): 775-781.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lagos, Taso G. &#8220;Poor Greek to &#8220;Scandalous&#8221; Hollywood Mogul: Alexander Pantages and the Anti-Immigrant Narratives of William Randolph Hearst&#8217;s&nbsp;<em>Los Angeles Examiner<\/em>.&#8221;&nbsp;<em>Journal of Modern Greek Studies<\/em>&nbsp;30, no. 1 (2012): 45-74.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lakey, Thomas A.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The Morals of&nbsp;Newspapermaking<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Notre Dame: University Press, 1924.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lawrence, David.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cReporting the Political News at Washington.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>American Political Science Review<\/em>&nbsp;22:4 (November 1928): 893-902.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lawson, Linda.&nbsp;<em>Truth in Publishing: Federal Regulation of the Press\u2019 Business Practices, 1880-1920.&nbsp;<\/em>Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1993.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Leab, Daniel J.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>A Union of Individuals: The Formation of the American Newspaper Guild, 1933-1936.&nbsp;<\/em>New York: Columbia University Press, 1970.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Liebovich, Louis W.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Bylines of Despair: Herbert Hoover, the Great Depression, and the U.S. News Media.<\/em>&nbsp;Westport, Conn.:&nbsp;Praeger, 1994.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lippmann, Walter.&nbsp;<em>Liberty and the News<\/em>. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2008. Originally published in 1920.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lippmann, Walter, and Charles Merz.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cA Test of the News.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;Supplement to the&nbsp;<em>New Republic&nbsp;<\/em>(4 August 1920).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lippmann, Walter. \u201cThe Press and Public Opinion.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Political Science Quarterly<\/em>&nbsp;46, no. 2 (1931): 161\u2013170.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lippmann, Walter.&nbsp;<em>Public Opinion.<\/em>&nbsp;New York: The Free Press, 1922.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lipstadt, Deborah E.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Beyond Belief:&nbsp; The American Press and the Coming of the Holocaust.&nbsp;<\/em>New York: Free Press, 1986.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Little, Alexia. \u201cCementing Their Heroes: Historical Newspaper Coverage of Confederate Monuments.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;48:3 (July 2022): 199-221.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Little, Geoffrey Robert. \u201cPrint Paper Ought to Be Free as the Air and Water: American Newspapers, Canadian Newsprint, and the Payne-Aldrich Tariff, 1909-1913.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>American Periodicals<\/em>&nbsp;32:1 (2022): 53-69.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lloyd, Alfred H. \u201cNewspaper Conscience&#8211;A Study in Half-Truths.\u201d&nbsp;<em>American Journal of Sociology<\/em>&nbsp;27:2 (1921): 197\u2013210.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Loew, Patty.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cNatives, Newspapers, and Fightin\u2019 Bob: Wisconsin Chippewa in the Unprogressive Era.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;23:4 (Winter 1997\/98): 149-158<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lott, George E.&nbsp; &#8220;The Press-Radio War of the 1930s.&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journal of Broadcasting<\/em>&nbsp;14 (Summer 1970): 275-286.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lowitt, Richard, and Maurine Beasley.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>One Third of the Nation: Lorena Hickok&#8217;s Reports on the Great Depression<\/em>.&nbsp; Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1983.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lucarelli, Susan.&nbsp; &#8220;The Newspaper Industry&#8217;s Campaign against&nbsp;Spacegrabbers, 1917-1921.&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism Quarterly<\/em>&nbsp;70 (1993): 883-92.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lucht, Tracy, and Chelsea Davis. \u201cGender, Race, and Place in Newspaper Coverage of Women \u2018Firsts\u2019 After the Nineteenth Amendment.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;47:4 (2021): 333-352<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lumsden, Linda J.&nbsp; &#8220;Beauty and the Beasts: The Significance of Press Coverage of the 1913 National Suffrage Parade.&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly<\/em>&nbsp;77:3 (Autumn&nbsp;2000): 593-611.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lumsen, Linda J.&nbsp; \u201cThe&nbsp;<em>New York Daily Call<\/em>: Challenges of Sustaining a Socialist Identity in the Daily Newspaper Market, 1908-1923.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;39:4 (Winter 2014): 219-230.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>MacDougal, Curtis.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Interpretive Reporting<\/em>.&nbsp; New York: MacMillan, 1938.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>MacNeil, Neil.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Without Fear or Favor<\/em>.&nbsp; New York: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich, 1940.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>McCamy, James L.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Federal Publicity:&nbsp;Its&nbsp;Practice in Federal Administration<\/em>. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1939.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>McDaneil, Toni. \u201cA Hitler Myth?\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;17:3\/4 (Autumn 1990\/Winter 1991): 46-53.&nbsp;&nbsp;Image of Hitler in US media in the 1930s<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>McGerr, Michael E.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The Decline of Popular Politics: The American North, 1865-1928.&nbsp;<\/em>&nbsp;New York: Oxford University Press, 1986.&nbsp; See especially chapter 5, &#8220;The Press Transformed.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Marcellus, Jane.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cThese Working Wives: Representation of the \u2018Two Job\u2019 Woman&nbsp;Between&nbsp;the World Wars.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;23:3 (Summer 2006): 53-78.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mari, Will.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cUnionization in the American Newsroom, 1930-1960.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journal of Historical Sociology<\/em>&nbsp;31:3 (September 2018): 265-281.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mari, Will.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cSongs of the Craft: Newsroom Poetry in Twentieth-Century American Journalism.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>46:4 (2020): 301-320.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Marks, Patricia.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Bicycles, Bangs, and Bloomers: The New Woman in the Popular Press<\/em>.&nbsp; Lexington: University of Kentucky Press, 1990.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Marzolf, Marion.&nbsp;<em>Civilizing Voices: American Press Criticism, 1880-1950.<\/em>&nbsp;New York: Longman, 1991.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mellinger, Gwyneth.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Racializing Objectivity: How the White Southern Press Used Journalism Standards to Defend Jim Crow<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2025.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Milton, George Fort.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cThe Responsibility of the Press in a Democracy.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>American Political Science Review<\/em>&nbsp;30:4 (August 1936): 681-691.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Monk, Craig.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cThe Wight of Forty-Four Pounds: Commercial Publishing Houses and&nbsp;<em>transition<\/em>&nbsp;Magazine in the 1930s.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>American Periodicals<\/em>&nbsp;25: 1 (2015): 80-93.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Moore, Paul S.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cBought, Sold, Exchanged, and Rented: The Early Film Exchange and the Market in Secondhand Films in&nbsp;<em>New York Clipper<\/em>&nbsp;Classified Ads.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Film History<\/em>&nbsp;31:2 (Summer 2019): 1-31.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Morath, Max. &#8220;Translating Mr. Dooley: A New Examination of the Journalism of Finley Peter Dunne.&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journal of American Culture&nbsp;<\/em>27:2 (June 2004): 147-156.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Murray, George.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Madhouse on Madison Street<\/em>.&nbsp; Chicago: Follett, 1965.&nbsp; (Chicago American)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mugleson, William F. \u201cJulian Harris, the Georgia Press, and the Ku Klux Klan.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Georgia Historical Review<\/em>&nbsp;59:3 (1975): 289-295.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mugridge, Ian.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The View from Xanadu: William Randolph Hearst and American Foreign Policy<\/em>.&nbsp; Montreal: McGill-Queen&#8217;s University Press, 1995.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Murray, Michael D. \u201cThe&nbsp;<em>St. Louis Post-Dispatch<\/em>&nbsp;Campaign Against Radio\u2019s Middle Commercials.\u201d&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;6:1 (1989): 30-40.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nakamura, Kelli Y. \u201c\u2018Violence and Press Incendiarism\u2019: Media and Labor Conflicts in the 1909 Strike.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Hawaiian Journal of History<\/em>&nbsp;45 (2011): 69\u201399.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Neville, John F.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Twentieth Century Cause&nbsp;Celebre: Sacco, Vanzetti, and the Press, 1920-1927.<\/em>&nbsp; Westport, Conn.:&nbsp;Praeger, 2004.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ogden, Rollo.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cJournalism and Public Opinion.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Proceedings of the American Political Science Association<\/em>&nbsp;9 (1912): 194-200.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ogles, Robert M., and Herbert H. Howard.&nbsp; &#8220;Father Coughlin in the Periodical Press, 1931-1942.&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism Quarterly<\/em>&nbsp;6l (1984): 280-86, 363.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Olasky, Marvin N. \u201cWhen World Views Collide: Journalists and the Great Monkey Trial.\u201d&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;4 (1987): 133\u201346.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Olasky, Marvin N. &#8220;Abortion News in the Late 1920s: A New York Case Study.&#8221; <em>Journalism Quarterly<\/em> 66:3 (1989): 724-726.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Olmsted, Kathryn S.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The Newspaper Axis: Six Press Barons Who Enabled Hitler<\/em>. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2022.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Includes Hearst, McCormick, and Patterson.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Olson, Alexander. &#8220;\u201cTo Prepare the Mind for Wonder\u201d: Popular Science and Mass Media in the 1920s.&#8221; <em>Journal of 20th Century Media History<\/em>&nbsp;3:1 (2025): 3-24.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Packer, Cathy.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cConglomerate Newspaper Ownership: International Paper Company, 1928-29.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism<\/em><em>&nbsp;Quarterly<\/em>&nbsp;60 (Autumn&nbsp;1983): 480-483.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Park, Robert E.&nbsp; &#8220;The Natural History of the Newspaper.&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>American Journal of Sociology<\/em>&nbsp;28 (November 1923): 273-289.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Park, Tae Jin. \u201cGuiding Public Opinion on the Far Eastern Crisis, 1931\u20131941: The American State Department and Propaganda on the Sino-Japanese Conflict.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Diplomacy and Statecraft<\/em>&nbsp;22:3 (2011): 388\u2013407.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Parks, Perry.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cSummer for the Scientists?&nbsp;&nbsp;The Scope Trial and the Pedagogy of Journalism.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly<\/em>&nbsp;92:2 (June 2015): 444-467.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Parmenter, William.&nbsp; &#8220;The News Control Explanation of News Making: The Case of William Randolph Hearst, 1920-1940.&#8221; Ph.D. dissertation, University of Washington, 1979.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Patnode, Randall. \u201cFriend, Foe, or Freeloader? Cooperation and Competition between Newspapers and Radio in the Early 1920s.\u201d&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;28 (Winter 2011): 75\u201395.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Perloff, Richard M.&nbsp; &#8220;The Press and&nbsp;Lynchings&nbsp;of African Americans.&#8221;&nbsp;<em>Journal of Black Studies<\/em>&nbsp;30 (January 2000): 315-330.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Phelps, Christopher.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cHeywood Broun, Benjamin Stolberg, and the Politics of American Labor Journalism in the 1920s and 1930s.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Labor: Studies in Working Class History of the Americas<\/em>&nbsp;15:1 (March 2018): 25-51.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Poirer, Suzanne.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Chicago\u2019s War on Syphilis, 1937-1940:&nbsp;&nbsp;The Times, The&nbsp;Trib, and the Clap Doctor<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1995.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ponce de Leon, Charles L.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Self-Exposure: Human Interest Journalism and the Emergence of Celebrity in America, 1890-1940<\/em>.&nbsp; Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ponder, Stephen. \u201cFederal News Management in the Progressive Era: Gifford Pinchot and the Conservation Crusade.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;13:2 (Summer 1986): 42-48.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ponder, Stephen. \u201cPartisan Reporting and Presidential Campaigning: Gilson Gardner and E.W. Scripps in the Election of 1912.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;17:1\/2 (Spring\/Summer 1990): 3-12.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ponder, Stephen. \u201cNon-Publicity and the Unmaking of a President: William Howard Taft and the Ballinger-Pinchot Controversy of 1909-1910.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;19:4 (Winter 1994): 111-120.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Porwancher, Andrew. \u201cObjectivity\u2019s Prophet: Adolph S. Ochs and the&nbsp;<em>New York Times,<\/em>&nbsp;1896\u20131935.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;36 (Winter 2011): 186\u2013195.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Postol, Todd Alexander. \u201cCreating the American Newspaper Boy: Middle-Class Route Service and Juvenile Salesmanship in the Great Depression.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journal of Social History<\/em>&nbsp;31:2 (Winter 1997): 327-345.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Postel, Todd A.&nbsp; &#8220;Masculine Guidance: Boys, Men, and Newspapers 1930-1939.&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Enterprise and Society<\/em>&nbsp;(June 2002): 355-390.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pressman, Matthew.&nbsp; \u201cBlack and White and Red All Over: Reassessing Newspapers\u2019 Role in the Red Scare of 1919.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;39:1 (Spring 2013): 29-39.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pressman, Matthew.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cAmbivalent Accomplices: How the Press Handled FDR\u2019s Disability and How FDR Handled the Press.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journal of the Historical Society<\/em>&nbsp;13:3 (September 2013): 325-359.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pressman, Matthew.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cThe New York <em>Daily News<\/em> and the History of Conservative Media.\u201d Modern American History 4:3 (November 2021): 219-238.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pribanic-Smith, Erika J. \u201cTurning Right or Standing Still? Virginius Dabney and the New Deal in Virginia, 1930-1942.\u201d&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;28:1 (2011): 97-123.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Radder, Norman.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Newspapers in the Community Service<\/em>.&nbsp; New York: McGraw-Hill, 1926.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rapoport, Ron, ed.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The Lost Journalism of Ring Lardner<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2017.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reilly, Kevin S.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cDilettantes at the Gate:&nbsp;<em>Fortune<\/em>&nbsp;Magazine and the Cultural Politics of Business Journalism in the 1930s.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Business and Economic History<\/em>&nbsp;28:2 (Winter 1999): 213-222.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Robinson, Shanta R. \u201cA Crusader and an Advocate: The Black Press, the Scopes Trial, and Educational Progress.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journal of Negro Education<\/em>&nbsp;87:1 (Winter 2018): 5-21.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rodgers, Ronald R.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cThe Problems of Journalism: An Annotated Bibliography of Press Criticism in&nbsp;<em>Editor &amp;<\/em><em>&nbsp;Publisher<\/em>, 1901-1923.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Media History Monographs<\/em>&nbsp;9:2 (2006-2007): 1-41.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rodgers, Ronald R.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cA Strange Absence of News: The&nbsp;<em>Titanic<\/em>, the&nbsp;<em>Times<\/em>, Checkbook Journalism, and the Inquiry into the Public\u2019s Right to Know.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;41:1 (Spring 2015): 31-38.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rogers, Jason.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Newspaper Building<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;New York: Harper and Bros., 1918.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rondinone, Troy.&nbsp;<em>The Great Industrial War: Framing Class Conflict in the Media, 1865-1950<\/em>. Piscataway, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2010.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ross, Matthew W.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cThe Battle of Blair Mountain and the News Media: Professional Ideology and the Coverage of Bloodshed in West Virginia.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;41:1 (2024): 456-475.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ross, Charles G.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The Writing of News<\/em>.&nbsp; New York: Henry Holt, 1911.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ruth, David E.&nbsp;<em>Inventing the Public Enemy: The Gangster in American Culture, 1918-1924.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/em>Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Scharlott, Bradford W.&nbsp; &#8220;The Hoosier Journalist and the Hooded Order: Indiana Press Reaction to the Ku Klux Klan in the 1920s.&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;15:4 (Winter 1988): 122-131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Schuman, Edwin L.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Practical Journalism:&nbsp;&nbsp;A Complete Manual of the Best Newspaper Methods<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;New York: D. Appleton, 1903.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Seldes, George.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Lords of the Press<\/em>.&nbsp; New York:&nbsp;Messner, 1938.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Seyb, Ronald P.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cWhat Walter Saw: Walter Lippmann, the&nbsp;<em>New York World<\/em>, and Scientific Advocacy as an Alternative to the News-Opinion Dichotomy.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;41:2 (Summer 2015): 58-72.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Seyb, Ronald.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cTrouble With the Statistical Curve: Walter Lippmann\u2019s Blending of History and Social Science During Franklin Roosevelt\u2019s First Term.\u201d&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;32:2 (2015): 138-160.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Seyb, Ronald P. \u201cThe Shimmer in the Twilight: Walter Lippmann\u2019s&nbsp;<em>Public Opinion<\/em>&nbsp;and the Journalist\u2019s Way of Knowledge.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;48:2 (Summer 2022): 157-177.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Seyb, Ronald P. \u201cThe Journalist and the Manipulator: Walter Lippmann, Karl Mannheim, and the Case of a \u2018New Objectivity\u2019 to Check Demagoguery.\u201d&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;39:2 (2022): 196-221.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sharback, Sarah Ellen.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cStereotypes of Latin America, Press Images, and US Foreign Policy, 1920-1933.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;PhD dissertation, University of Washington, 1991.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Shaw, Christopher W.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cThe Story Was Not Printed: The Press Covers the 1930s Banking Crisis.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>45:1 (2019): 26-44.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sheehy, Michael.&nbsp; \u201cCapitalism as a Necessary Evil: How E.W. Scripps Charted a Cautious Course Toward the Left.\u201d&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;28:2 (Spring 2011): 7-21.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Shi, David E.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Facing Facts: Realism in American Thought and Culture, 1850-1920<\/em>.&nbsp; New York: Oxford University Press, 1995.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Shore, Elliot.&nbsp;<em>&nbsp;Talkin&#8217; Socialism: J.A. Wayland and the Role of the Press in American Radicalism, 1890-1912<\/em>.&nbsp; Lawrence: University of Kansas Press, 1988.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Shulman, Stuart W.&nbsp; &#8220;The Progressive Era Farm Press: A Primer on a Neglected Source of Journalism History.&#8221;&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;25 (Spring 1999): 26-35.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Siddons, Louise.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cThe Future of the American Race: Reproducing the Racialized Nation in Print Media, 1925-1940.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;PhD dissertation, Stanford University, 2006.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Simmons, Charlene. \u201cA Marriage of Friends or Foes? Radio, Newspapers, and the Facsimile in the 1930s.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journal of Broadcasting &amp; Electronic Media<\/em>&nbsp;60:3 (2016): 410-424.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Simpson, Edgar. \u201cPredatory Interests and The Common Man: Scripps, Pinchot, and the Nascent Environmental Movement, 1908 to 1910.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;39:3 (2013): 145-155.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Simpson, George E.&nbsp;<em>The Negro in the Philadelphia Press.&nbsp;<\/em>Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1936.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sinclair, Upton.&nbsp;<em>&nbsp;The Brass Check: A Study of American Journalism.&nbsp;<\/em>&nbsp;privately&nbsp;published, 1920.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sloan, Wm. David. \u201cHistorians and the American Press, 1900\u20131945: Working Profession or Big Business?\u201d&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;3 (1986): 154\u20136.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Smith, Erin A.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cHow the Other Half Read: Advertising, Working Class Readers, and Pulp Magazines.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Book History<\/em>&nbsp;3 (2000): 204-230.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Smith, Gene, and Jane Barry Smith,&nbsp;eds.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The Police Gazette<\/em>.&nbsp; New York: Simon and Schuster, 1972.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Smith, Reed W.&nbsp; &#8220;Southern Journalists and Lynching: The Statesboro Case Study.&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism and Mass Communication Monographs<\/em>&nbsp;7:2 (Summer 2005).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Smith, Ron F. \u201cThe Klan\u2019s Retribution against an Indiana Editor: A Reconsideration.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Indiana Magazine of History<\/em>&nbsp;106 (December 2010): 381\u2013400.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Smythe, Ted Curtis. &#8220;The Advertisers&#8217; War to Verify Newspaper Circulation, 1870-1914.&#8221;&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;(3) 1986: 167-180.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sneed, Don.&nbsp; &#8220;Newspapers Call for Swift Justice: A Study of the McKinley Assassination.&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism Quarterly<\/em>&nbsp;65 (1988): 360-67.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Soderlund, G.&nbsp; &#8220;Covering Urban Vice: The New York Times, &#8216;White Slavery,&#8217; and the Construction of Journalistic Knowledge.&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Critical Studies in Media Communication<\/em>&nbsp;19:4 (December 2002): 438-60.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Soderlund, Gretchen.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Sex Trafficking, Scandal, and the Transformation of Journalism, 1885-1917<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2013.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Spaulding, Stacy.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cThe Intellectual Eater: The Regional Food Editorials of H.L. Mencken.\u201d<em>&nbsp;&nbsp;Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;43:3 (Fall 2017): 154-161.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Spaulding, Stacy.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cLiterary Style and Commercial Strategy: The Legacy of H.L. Mencken and the Great American Literary Boom.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Menckeniana<\/em>, No. 225 (Fall 2020): 23-33.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Spratt, Meg. \u201cScience, Journalism, and the Construction of News: How Print Media Framed the 1918 Influenza Pandemic.\u201d&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;18:3 (2001): 61-79.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>St. John, Burton.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cJournalism\u2019s Counterinsurgency&nbsp;Against&nbsp;\u2018Free Space\u2019:&nbsp;&nbsp;The ANPA Anti-Publicity Bulleting, 1921-26.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;35\u201d2 (Summer 2009): 91-97.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Stamm, Michael.&nbsp;<em>Sound Business: Newspapers, Radio, and the Politics of New Media<\/em>. 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Y.&nbsp;<em>Civilizing Capitalism: The National&nbsp;Consumer\u2019s&nbsp;League, Women\u2019s Activism, and Labor Standards in the New Deal Era.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/em>Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2000.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Streitmatter, Rodger.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Voices of Revolution: The Dissident Press in America.<\/em>&nbsp; New York: Columbia University Press, 2001.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Swanberg, Susan E.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cPsychological Armor: The&nbsp;<em>Science News-Letter<\/em>&nbsp;Warns Against Propaganda, 1926-1965.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism Studies<\/em>&nbsp;20:13 (2019): 1883-1902.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Swanberg, Susan E.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cWell-Bred and Well-Fed: The Science Service Covers Eugenics, 1924-1966.\u201d&nbsp;<em>&nbsp;American Journalism <\/em>38:2 (Spring 2021): 202-230<em>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Teel, Leonard Ray.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The Public Press, 1900-1945<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 2006.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Theoharis, Athan. \u201cThe FBI, the Roosevelt Administration, and the \u2018Subversive\u2019 Press.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;19:1 (Spring 1993): 3-10.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thornton, Brian. &#8220;When a Newspaper was Accused of Killing a President: How Five New York City Newspapers Reacted.&#8221; &nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;26:3 (Summer 2000): 108-116.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thorpe, Merle,&nbsp;ed.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The Coming Newspaper<\/em>.&nbsp; New York, 1915.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tolbert, Jane T. \u201cPlowing Gold From the Wasteland: Media Portrayal of South Florida\u2019s Boom, 1920-25.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;33:2 (Summer 2007): 111-120.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Umphlett, Wiley Lee.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The Visual Focus of American Media: The Modern Era, 1893-1945<\/em>.&nbsp; Cranbury, NJ: Associated University Presses, 2004.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Underwood, Doug. \u201cDepression, Drink, and Dissipation: The Troubled Inner World of Famous Journalist-Literary Figures and Art as the Ultimate Stimulant.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;32:4 (Winter 2007): 186-200.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Van Every, Edward.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Sins of New York, as &#8220;Exposed&#8221; by the National Police Gazette<\/em>.&nbsp; New York: Stokes, 1930.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vaughn, Stephen, and Bruce J.&nbsp;Evensen.&nbsp;&nbsp;&#8220;Democracy&#8217;s Guardians: Hollywood&#8217;s Portrait of Reporters, 1930-1945.&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism Quarterly<\/em>&nbsp;68 (1991): 829-838.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Walker, Stanley B.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>City Editor<\/em>.&nbsp; New York: Blue Ribbon Books, 1934.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wallace, Aurora.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Newspapers and the Making of Modern America: A History<\/em>.&nbsp; Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 2005.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wallace, James.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Liberal Journalism and American Education: 1914-1941<\/em>. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1991.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Walters, Timothy, and Lynne Masel Walters. \u201cThe Conspiracy of Silence: Media Coverage of Syphilis, 1906-1941.\u201d&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;8:4 (1991): 246-265.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ward, Ken J.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cThe Vilest Man in the Newspaper Business: F. G. Bonfils\u2019s Case Against the&nbsp;<em>Rocky Mountain News<\/em>.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism History<\/em>&nbsp;45:3 (2019): 270-287.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Weaver, Michael.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cJudge Lynch in the Court of Public Opinion: Publicity and the Delegitimation of Lynching.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>American Political Science Review<\/em>&nbsp;113:2 (May 2019): 293-310.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Welky, David.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Everything Was Better in America: Print Culture in the Great Depression<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2008.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wells, Rob.&nbsp;<em>&nbsp;<\/em>\u201cServe it Up Hot and Brief: The Journalistic Innovations and Influence of Willard M. Kiplinger.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>American Journalism <\/em>38:2 (Spring 2021): 177-201.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Weston, Mary Ann.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Native Americans in the News: Images of Indians in the Twentieth Century Press<\/em>. Westport: Greenwood Press, 1996.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>White, Graham J.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>FDR and the Press.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/em>Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1979.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>White, William Allen.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>The Autobiography of William Allen White.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/em>New York: Macmillan, 1946.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Willey, Malcolm M., and William&nbsp;Weinfeld.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cThe Country Weekly: Trends in Numbers and Distribution, 1900-1930.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Social Forces<\/em>&nbsp;13:1 (October 1934): 51-56.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Winfield, Betty H.&nbsp;<em>FDR and the News Media.<\/em>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1990.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Winfield, Betty&nbsp;Houchin, and Janice Hume. \u201cThe American Hero and the Evolution of the Human Interest Story.\u201d&nbsp;<em>American Journalism<\/em>&nbsp;15, no. 2 (1998): 79\u201399.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Winfield, Betty Houchin. \u201cThe Press Response to the Corps of Discovery: The Making of Heroes in an Egalitarian Age.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly<\/em>&nbsp;80:4 (2003): 866-883.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Winfield, Betty&nbsp;Houchin,&nbsp;ed.&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism, 1908: Birth of a Profession<\/em>.&nbsp;&nbsp;Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2008.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Witherspoon, E. M.&nbsp; &#8220;Courage of Convictions: The St. Louis <em>Post-Dispatch<\/em>, the <em>New York Times<\/em>, and Reform of the Pure Food and Drug Act, 1933-1937.&#8221;&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly<\/em>&nbsp;75:4 (Winter 1998): 776-788.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Witwer, David.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cThe Heyday of the Labor Beat.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Labor: Studies in Working Class History of the Americas&nbsp;<\/em>10:2 (Summer 2013): 9-29.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wolfe, G. Joseph.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201c<em>War of the Worlds<\/em>&nbsp;and the Editors.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journalism Quarterly<\/em>&nbsp;57:1 (Spring 1980): 39-44.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wyche, Billy H.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u201cSouthern Papers View Organized Labor in the New Deal Years.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>South Atlantic Quarterly<\/em>&nbsp;74 (1975): 178-196.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yuill, Kevin. \u201cA Man Should Be Permitted to Go Out of This World Whenever He Sees Fit: Suicide and Euthanasia in the American Press in the 1890s and 1900s.\u201d&nbsp;<em>Journal of Policy History&nbsp;<\/em>34:2 (April 2022): 213-244.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/mupages.marshall.edu\/masscommhistorybibliography\/2021\/09\/17\/hello-world\/\">Back to Index Page<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Back to Index Page Abel, Richard.&nbsp;&nbsp;Menus for&nbsp;Movieland: Newspapers and the Emergence of American Film Culture.&nbsp;&nbsp;Berkeley: University of California Press, 2015. Abrams, Douglas Carl.&nbsp;&nbsp;Selling the Old Time Religion: American Fundamentalists and Mass Culture, 1920-1940.&nbsp; Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2001. Abramson, Phyllis, Leslie.&nbsp;&nbsp;Sob Sister Journalism.&nbsp; Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1990. Adams, Edward E. \u201cScripps Howard\u2019s Implementation [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":48,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-173","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mupages.marshall.edu\/masscommhistorybibliography\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/173","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mupages.marshall.edu\/masscommhistorybibliography\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mupages.marshall.edu\/masscommhistorybibliography\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mupages.marshall.edu\/masscommhistorybibliography\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/48"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mupages.marshall.edu\/masscommhistorybibliography\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=173"}],"version-history":[{"count":39,"href":"https:\/\/mupages.marshall.edu\/masscommhistorybibliography\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/173\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2345,"href":"https:\/\/mupages.marshall.edu\/masscommhistorybibliography\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/173\/revisions\/2345"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mupages.marshall.edu\/masscommhistorybibliography\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=173"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}