{"id":158,"date":"2021-09-18T00:57:38","date_gmt":"2021-09-18T00:57:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mupages.marshall.edu\/sites\/masscommhistorybibliography\/?page_id=158"},"modified":"2025-08-26T19:28:13","modified_gmt":"2025-08-26T19:28:13","slug":"freedom-of-speech-and-press","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/mupages.marshall.edu\/masscommhistorybibliography\/freedom-of-speech-and-press\/","title":{"rendered":"Freedom of Speech and Press"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Back to Index Page<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Constitutional History and Theory<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Abrams, Floyd.  Speaking Freely: Trials of the First Amendment<\/em>.  New York: Viking Penguin Group, 2005.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anastaplo, George.  Reflections on Freedom of Speech and the First Amendment<\/em>.  Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2007.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anderson, Alexis J.  \u201cThe Formative Period of First Amendment Theory, 1870-1915.\u201d  American Journal of Legal History<\/em> 24:1 (January 1980): 56-75.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anderson, David A.  “The Origins of the Press Clause.”  UCLA Law Review<\/em> 30 (1983): 455-541.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Applegate, Daniel A.  \u201cStop the Presses: The Impact of Hosty v. Carter<\/em> and Pitts v. Pappert<\/em> on the Editorial Freedom of College Newspapers.\u201d  Case Western Reserve Law Review<\/em> 56:1 (Fall 2005): 247-283.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Barth, Jonathan.  \u201cLiberty of Conscience is Every Man\u2019s Natural Right: Historical Background of the First Amendment.\u201d Journal of Policy History<\/em> 35:4 (October 2023): 435-453.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beasley, Maurine H. \u201cDonna Allen and the Women\u2019s Institute: A Feminist Perspective on the First Amendment.\u201d American Journalism<\/em> 9, no. 3\u20134 (1992): 154\u201366.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bezanson, Randall P.  How Free Can the Press Be?<\/em>  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2003.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bezanson, Randall P.  Too Much Free Speech?<\/em> Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2012. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bird, Wendell.  Press and Speech Under Assault: The Early Supreme Court Justices, the Sedition Act of 1798, and the Campaign against Dissent.<\/em>  New York: Oxford University Press, 2016.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Blanchard, Margaret A. Exporting the First Amendment: The Press- Government Crusade of 1945-1952. <\/em>New York: Longman, 1985.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Blanchard, Margaret A. \u201cBeyond Original Intent: Exploring a Broader Meaning of Freedom of Expression.\u201d Journalism History<\/em> 14:1 (Spring 1987): 2-7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Blanchard, Margaret A.  Revolutionary Sparks: Freedom of Expression in Modern America<\/em>.  New York: Oxford University Press, 1992.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Blanks Hindman, Elizabeth. \u201cFirst Amendment Theories and Press Responsibility: The Work of Zechariah Chafee, Thomas Emerson, Vincent Blasi and Edwin Baker.\u201d Journalism Quarterly<\/em> 69:1 (1992): 48-64.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Boedecker, Karl A., Fred W. Morgan, and Linda Berns Wright. \u201cThe Evolution of First Amendment Protection for Commercial Speech.\u201d Journal of Marketing<\/em> 59, no. 1 (1995): 38\u201347.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bollinger, Lee.  Images of a Free Press.  <\/em>Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1991.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Brenner, Daniel L., and William L. Rivers.  Free but Regulated: Conflicting Traditions in Media Law<\/em>.  Ames: Iowa State University Press, 1982.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Buel, Richard, Jr.  \u201cFreedom of the Press in Revolutionary America: The Evolution of Libertarianism, 1760-1820.\u201d In Bailyn, Bernard, and John Hench, eds. The Press and the American Revolution.  <\/em>Worcester, MA.: American Antiquarian Society, 1976.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cate, Irene M. Ten. \u201cSpeech, Truth, and Freedom: An Examination of John Stuart Mill\u2019s and Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes\u2019s Free Speech Defenses.\u201d Yale Journal of Law and the Humanities<\/em> 22 (Winter 2010): 35\u201381.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chaffee, Zachariah, Jr.  Freedom of Speech<\/em>.  New York: Harcourt, Brace & Jovanovich, 1920.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chafee, Zechariah.  Government and Mass Communications: A Report<\/em>.  Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1947.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chamberlain, Bill F., and Charlene J. Brown, eds.  The First Amendment Reconsidered<\/em>.  New York: Longman, 1982.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cheney, William L.  Freedom of the Press<\/em>.  New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1949.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cobb-Reiley, Linda.  “Not an Empty Box with Beautiful Words on It: The First Amendment in Progressive Era Scholarship.”  Journalism Quarterly<\/em> 69 (1992): 37-47.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Collins, Ronald K.L., and David M. Skover. \u201cWhat is War: Reflections on Free Speech in Wartime.\u201d Rutgers Law Journal  36<\/em> (2005): 833+<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cook, Timothy E., ed.  Freeing the Presses: The First Amendment in Action<\/em>.  Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2005.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Copeland, David.  The Idea of a Free Press: The Enlightenment and Its Unruly Legacy<\/em>.  Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 2006. 

Cortner, Richard C.  The Kingfish and the Constitution: Huey Long, the First Amendment, and the Emergence of Modern Press Freedom in America.<\/em>  Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1996.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cronin, Mary M., ed.  An Indispensable Liberty: The Fight for Free Speech in Nineteenth-Century America<\/em>.  Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 2016.*<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cross, Harold L.  The People’s Right to Know<\/em>.  New York: Columbia University Press, 1953.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Curtis, Michael Kent. Free Speech, the Peoples’ Darling Privilege: Struggles for Freedom of Expression in American History<\/em>.  Durham: Duke University Press, 2000.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Easton, Eric B. \u201cThe Press as Constitutional Litigator: Shaping First Amendment Doctrine in the United States Supreme Court.\u201d  PhD dissertation, University of Maryland, College Park, 2011.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Easton, Eric B.  Defending the Masses: A Progressive Lawyer\u2019s Battles for Free Speech<\/em>.  Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 2018.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Eldridge, Larry D.  A Distant Heritage: The Growth of Free Speech in Early America.  <\/em>New York: New York University Press, 1993.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Epps, Garrett, ed.  Freedom of the Press: The First Amendment, its Constitutional History and the Contemporary Debate<\/em>.  Amherst, NY:  Prometheus Books, 2008.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Feldman, Stephen M.  Free Expression and Democracy in America: A History<\/em>.  Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2008.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Foner, Eric.  The Story of American Freedom.  <\/em>New York: W.W. Norton, 1998.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gajda, Amy. \u201cJudging Journalism: The Turn toward Privacy and Judicial Regulation of the Press.\u201d California Law Review<\/em> 97 (August 2009): 1039\u20131105.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Garnett, Richard W.  \u201cLess Is More: Justice Rehnquist, the Freedom of Speech, and Democracy.\u201d in The<\/em> Rehnquist Legacy<\/em>, ed. Craig Bradley.  New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gates, Paul H. Jr., and Bill F. Chamberlin. \u201cMadison Misinterpreted: Historical Presentism Skews Scholarship.\u201d American Journalism<\/em> 13, no. 1 (1996): 38\u201347.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gerald, J. Edward.  The Press and the Constitution, 1931-1947<\/em>.  Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1948.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gleason, Timothy W. \u201cLegal Advocacy and the First Amendment: Elisha Hanson\u2019s Attempt to Create First Amendment Protection for the Business of the Press.\u201d American Journalism<\/em> 3 (1986): 195\u2013206.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gleason, Timothy W. \u201cNineteenth-Century Legal Practice and Freedom of the Press: An Introduction to an Unfamiliar Terrain.\u201d Journalism History<\/em> 14:1 (Spring 1987): 26-33.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gleason, Timothy W.  “Historians and Freedom of the Press Since 1800.” American Journalism<\/em> 5 (1988): 230-248.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Halperin, Terri Diane.  The Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798: Testing the Constitution<\/em>.  Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2016.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Haynes, Charles C., Sam Chaltain, and Susan M. Glisson.  First Freedoms: A Documentary History of First Amendment Rights in America<\/em>.  New York: Oxford University Press, 2007.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Healy, Thomas.  The Great Dissent: How Oliver Wendell Holmes Changed his Mind- and Changed the History of Free Speech in America<\/em>.  New York: Metropolitan Books, 2013.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hindman, Elizabeth B.  “Supreme Court Conceptions of Press Responsibility, 1931 to 1991.”  PhD dissertation, University of Minnesota, 1994.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hindman, Elizabeth Blanks.  “First Amendment Theories and Press Responsibility: The Work of Zechariah Chafee, Thomas Emerson, Vincent Blasi and Edwin Baker.”  Journalism Quarterly<\/em> 69 (1992): 48-64.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hochman, Steven H.  “On the Liberty of the Press in Virginia: From Essay to Bludgeon 1798-1803.” Virginia Magazine of History and Biography<\/em> 84 (1976): 431-445.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hoffer, Peter Charles.  The Free Press Crisis of 1800: Thomas Cooper\u2019s Trial for Seditious Libel<\/em>.  Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2011.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hudson, David L.  Let the Students Speak: A History of the Fight for Free Expression in American Schools<\/em>.  Boston: Beacon Press, 2011.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hughes, Frank L.  Prejudice and the Press: A Restatement of the Principle of Freedom of the Press with Specific Reference to the Hutchins-Luce Commission<\/em>.  New York: Devin-Adair, 1950.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hynes, Terry.  “A Conversation with Leonard Levy.”  Journalism History<\/em> 7:3\/4 (Autumn-Winter 1980): 96-103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ingelhart, Louis E.  Press and Speech Freedoms in America, 1619-1995: A Chronology<\/em>.  Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1997.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Johnson, Donald.  The Challenge to American Freedom<\/em>.  World War I and the Rise of the American Civil Liberties Union.  Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1963.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Johnson, Gerald White.  Peril and Promise: An Inquiry into Freedom of the Press<\/em>.  New York: Harper, 1958.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kalven, Jr., Harry.  A Worthy Tradition: Freedom of Speech in America. <\/em>New York: Harper & Row, 1988.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Knudson, Jerry W.  Jefferson and the Press: Crucible of Liberty<\/em>.  Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 2006.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kutulas, Judy.  The American Civil Liberties Union & the Making of Modern Liberalism, 1930\u20131960<\/em>.  Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2006.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Labrunski, Ricard.  James Madison and the Struggle for the Bill of Rights<\/em>.  New York: Oxford University Press, 2006.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Labunski, Richard. Libel and the First Amendment: Legal History and Practice in Print and Broadcasting<\/em>. New York: Routledge, 2017. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Levinson, Nan.  Outspoken: Free Speech Stories<\/em>.  Berkeley: University of California Press, 2003.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Levy, Leonard. The Emergence of a Free Press.<\/em>  New York: Oxford University Press, 1987.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Levy, Leonard. Jefferson and Civil Liberties.  <\/em>Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 1989. (originally published in 1963)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lewis, Anthony.  Freedom for the Thought We Hate: A Biography of the First Amendment<\/em>.  New York: Basic Books, 2008.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lidsky, Lurissa Barnett, and R. George Wright.  Freedom of the Press: A Reference Guide to the United States Constitution<\/em>.  Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 2004.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lofton, John.  The Press as Guardian of the First Amendment<\/em>.  Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1980.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lynskey, Bill.  \u201cReinventing the First Amendment in Wartime Philadelphia.\u201d  Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography<\/em> 131 (January 2007): 33\u201380.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Martin, Robert W. T.  The Free and Open Press: The Founding of American Democratic Press Liberty, 1640-1800<\/em>.  New York: New York University Press, 2001.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mathewson, Joe.  \u201cThe Long and Strong Tradition of State Protection of Freedom of the Press\u201d American Journalism<\/em> 25:4 (Winter 2009): 81-112.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

McLean, Deckle.  \u201cJustice White and the First Amendment.\u201d  Journalism Quarterly<\/em> 56 (1979): 305-310.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

McClellan, Grant S., ed.  Censorship in the United States<\/em>.  New York: H.W. Wilson, 1967.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

McIntyre, Jerilyn S.  \u201cRepositioning a Landmark: The Hutchins Commission and Freedom of the Press.\u201d  Critical Studies in Mass Communication<\/em> 4 (1987): 135-160.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

McPherson, James B. \u201cCrosses Before a Government Vampire: How Four Newspapers Addressed the First Amendment in Editorials, 1962\u20131991.\u201d American Journalism<\/em> 13, no. 3 (1996): 304\u201317.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mellen, Roger P. \u201cA Culture of Dissidence: The Emergence of Liberty of the Press in Pre-Revolutionary Virginia.\u201d  PhD dissertation, George Mason University, 2007.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mellen, Roger P.  \u201cJohn Wilkes and the Constitutional Right to a Free Press in the United States.\u201d  Journalism History<\/em> 41:1 (Spring 2015): 2-10.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Murphy, Paul L.  The Shaping of the First Amendment, 1791 to the Present<\/em>.  New York: Oxford University Press, 1991.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nerone, <\/em>John.  Violence Against the Press: Policing the Public Sphere in U.S. History. <\/em>Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1994.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Neuborne, Burt.  Madison\u2019s Music: On Reading the First Amendment<\/em>.  New York: New Press, 2015.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Peters, John D.  Courting the Abyss: Free Speech and the Liberal Tradition<\/em>.  Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2005.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pohlman, H.L.  Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes: Free Speech and the Living Constitution<\/em>.  New York: New York University Press, 1991.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Powe, Lucas A., Jr.  The Fourth Estate and the Constitution: Freedom of the Press in America<\/em>.  Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ragan, Fred D.  “Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., and Zechariah Chafee, Jr.”  Journal of American History<\/em> 58 (June 1971).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rivera, Clark.  \u201cIdeals, Interests, and Civil Liberty: The Colonial Press and Freedom, 1735-76.\u201d  Quarterly<\/em> 55 (Spring 1978): 45-53.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Russomanno, Joseph, ed.  Defending the First: Commentary on First Amendment Issues and Cases<\/em>.  Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 2005.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Scherr, Arthur.  \u201cThomas Jefferson, the \u2018Libertarian\u2019 Jeffersonians of 1799, and Leonard W. Levy\u2019s Freedom of the Press: A Reconsideration.\u201d Journalism History<\/em> 42:2 (Summer 2016): 58-69.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Shear, Kenneth.  Unoriginal Misunderstanding: Press Freedom in Early America and Interpretation of the First Amendment<\/em>. Seattle: Libertary, 2009. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Simon, James F.  The Antagonists: Hugo Black, Felix Frankfurter, and Civil Liberties in Modern America<\/em>.  New York: Simon and Schuster, 1989.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sloan, Wm. David. “Historians and Freedom of the Press, 1690-1801: Libertarian or Limited?” American Journalism<\/em> 5 (1988), 159-177.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Smolla, Rodney A.  Free Speech in an Open Society<\/em>.  New York: Knopf, 1992.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stein, Laura.  Speech Rights in America: The First Amendment, Democracy, and the Media<\/em>.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2006.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stoker, Kevin.  \u201cThe Journalist and the Juror: Political Adversaries Enlisted in \u2018A Long Campaign on Behalf of Civil Liberties.\u201d  Journalism History<\/em> 34:4 (Winter 2009): 216-229.  Justice Frankfurter and Geoffrey Parsons of the NY Herald Tribune.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stone, Geoffrey R.  Perilous Times: Free Speech in Wartime from the Sedition Act of 1798 to the War on Terrorism<\/em>.  New York: Norton, 2004.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stone, Geoffrey R.  \u201cThe Hustler: Justice Rehnquist and \u2018The Freedom of Speech, or of the Press.\u201d in The<\/em> Rehnquist Legacy<\/em>, ed. Craig Bradley.  New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Teeter, Dwight L.  \u201cKing\u2019 Sears, the Mob, and Freedom of the Press in New York, 1765-1776.\u201d  Journalism Quarterly<\/em> 41 (1964): 539-544.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Uhm, Kiyul. \u201cThe Founders and the Revolutionary Underpinning of the Concept of the Right to Know.\u201d  Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly<\/em> 85 (Summer 2008): 393\u2013417.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Van Tuyll, Debra Reddin.  \u201cProtecting Press Freedom and Access to Government Information in Antebellum South Carolina.\u201d Journalism History<\/em> 43:4 (Winter 2018): 198-208.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yalof, David A., and Kenneth Dautrich.  The First Amendment and the Media in the Court of Public Opinion<\/em>.  New York: Cambridge University Press, 2002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Walker, Stanley.  In Defense of American Liberty: A History of the ACLU<\/em>.  New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Weinrib, Laura.  The Taming of Free Speech: America\u2019s Civil Liberties Compromise<\/em>.  Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2017.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Seditious Libel and Political Expression<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anderson, David A.  \u201cFreedom of the Press in Wartime.\u201d  University of Colorado Law Review<\/em> 77:1 (2006): 49\u201399.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Baldasty, Gerald J. “Toward and Understanding of the First Amendment: Boston Newspapers, 1782-1791.” Journalism History<\/em> 3 (1976): 25-30, 32.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bekken, Jon.  “These Great and Dangerous Powers: Postal Censorship of the Press.”  Journal of Communication Inquiry<\/em> 15 (Winter 1991): 55-71.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Belknap, Michal R.  Cold War Political Justice: The Smith Act, the Communist Party, and American Civil Liberties<\/em>.  Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1977.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Berns, Walter.  “Freedom of the Press and the Alien and Sedition Acts: A Reappraisal.”  Supreme Court Law Review<\/em>.  (1970): 109-159.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Blanchard, Margaret A. “Freedom of the Press in World War II: Historiographic Essay.” American Journalism<\/em> 12 (Summer 1995): 342-358.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bowles, Dorothy.  \u201cNewspaper Support for Free Expression in Times of Alarm, 1920 and 1940.\u201d  Journalism Quarterly<\/em> 54 (Summer 1977): 271-279.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Burrowes, Carl Patrick.  \u201cProperty, Power, and Press Freedom: Emergence of the Fourth Estate, 1640-1789.\u201d  Journalism and Mass Communication Monographs<\/em> 13:1 (Spring 2011).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Capazzola, Christopher.  “The Only Badge You Need is your Patriotic Fervor: Vigilance, Coercion, and the Law in World War I America.”  Journal of American History<\/em> 48 (March 2002): 1354-1382.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Carroll, Thomas F.  \u201cFreedom of Speech and of the Press in War Time: The Espionage Act.\u201d  Michigan Law Review<\/em> 17: 8 (June 1919): 621-665.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cobb-Reilly, Linda.  “Aliens and Alien Ideas: The Suppression of Anarchists and the Anarchist Press in America, 1901-1914.”  Journalism History<\/em> 15:2\/3 (Summer-Autumn 1988): 50-59.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Coben, Stanley.  A. Mitchell Palmer: Politician<\/em>.  New York: Columbia University Press, 1963.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cogley, John.  Report on Blacklisting<\/em>.  Vol 1: Movies, Vol 2: Radio-Television.  New York: Fund for the Republic, 1956.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cohen, Jeremy. \u201cAbsence of the First Amendment in Schenck<\/em> vs. United States<\/em>: A Reexamination.\u201d American Journalism<\/em> 2 (1985): 49\u201364.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Costa, Gregg.  “John Marshall, the Sedition Act, and Free Speech in the Early Republic.”  Texas Law Review<\/em> 77 (March 1999): 1011-1047.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dickerson, Donna Lee.  The Course of Tolerance: Freedom of the Press in Nineteenth-Century America.<\/em>  New York: Greenwood Press, 1990.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dickerson, Donna L. \u201cFrom Suspension to Subvention: The Southern Press During Reconstruction, 1863\u20131870.\u201d American Journalism<\/em> 8, no. 4 (1991): 230\u201345.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dowell, Eldridge F.  A History of Criminal Syndicalism Legislation in the United States<\/em>.  New York: DaCapo, reprint of 1939 edition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Engelman, Ralph, and Carey Shenkman. A Century of Repression: The Espionage Act and Freedom of the Press<\/em>. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2022.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Freeberg, Ernest. Democracy\u2019s Prisoner: Eugene V. Debs, the Great War, and the Right to Dissent<\/em>.  Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2008.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fried, Richard.  Nightmare in Red: The McCarthy Era in Perspective. <\/em>New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gladchuk, John Joseph. “Reticent Reds: HUAC, Hollywood, and the Evolution of the Red Menace, 1935-1950.”  PhD dissertation, University of California- Riverside, 2006.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Glende, Philip M. \u201cVictor Berger\u2019s Dangerous Ideas: Censoring the Mail to Preserve National Security during World War I.\u201d Essays in Economic and Business History <\/em>26 (2008): 5\u201320.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Goldstein, Robert Justin.  American Blacklist: The Attorney General\u2019s List of Subversive Organizations<\/em>.  Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2008.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Goldstein, Robert Justin. American Blacklist: The Attorney General\u2019s List of Subversive Organizations<\/em>. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2008.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Goodall, Alex.  Loyalty and Liberty: American Counter-subversion From World War I to the McCarthy Era<\/em>.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2013.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Harris, Robert J. \u201cThe Impact of the Cold War on Civil Liberties.\u201d  Journal of Politics<\/em> 18:1 (February 1956): 3-16.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Haverty-Stacke, Donna T.  Trotskyists on Trial: Free Speech and Political Persecution Since the Age of FDR<\/em>.  New York: NYU Press, 2016.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jaffe, Julian F.  Crusade Against Radicalism<\/em>.  Port Washington: Kennikat Press, 1975.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jensen, Joan M.  The Price of Vigilance<\/em>.  Chicago: Rand McNally, 1968.  (patriotic citizens groups)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kutler, Stanley I.  The American Inquisition: Justice and Injustice in the Cold War. <\/em>New York: Hill & Wang, 1982.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lawrence, Thomas A.  “Eclipse of Liberty: Civil Liberties and the United States During the First World War.”  Wayne Law Review<\/em> 21 (1974): 33-112.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lehman, Forrest K. \u201c\u2018Seditious Libel\u2019 on Trial, Political Dissent on the Record: An Account of the Trial of Thomas Cooper<\/em> as Campaign Literature.\u201d Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography<\/em> 132 (April 2008): 117\u201339.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Leidholdt, Alexander Stewart.  \u201cDancing With Two Cork Legs: The American Post Office\u2019s Stumbling Surveillance of the Foreign-Language Press During World War I.\u201d Journalism History<\/em> 46:3 (2020): 227-247.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lendler, Marc.  Gitlow v. New York: Every Idea an Incitement<\/em>.  Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2012.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Levy, Leonard.  “Did the Zenger Case Really Matter?  Freedom of the Press in Colonial New York.”  William and Mary Quarterly<\/em> 17:1 (January 1960): 35-50.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lichtman, Robert M.  The Supreme Court and McCarthy-Era Repression: One Hundred Decisions<\/em>.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2012.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Luff, Jennifer.  Commonsense Anticommunism: Labor and Civil Liberties Between the World Wars<\/em>.  Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2012.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lynch, Shawn Michael. \u201c\u2018In defense of true Americanism\u2019: The Civil Liberties Union of Massachusetts and Radical Free Speech, 1915\u20131945.\u201d  PhD dissertation, Boston College, 2006.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lynskey, Bill. \u201cReinventing the First Amendment in Wartime Philadelphia.\u201d  Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography<\/em> 131:1 (January 2007): 33-80.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lynskey, Bill.  \u201c\u2018I Shall Speak in Philadelphia\u2019: Emma Goldman and the Free Speech League.\u201d  Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography<\/em> 133 (April 2009): 167\u2013202.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mann, Robert.  Wartime Dissent in America: A History and Anthology.<\/em> New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

May, Matthew S.  Soapbox Rebellion: The Hobo Orators Union and the Free Speech Fights of the Industrial Workers of the World, 1909-1916<\/em>.  Tuscaloosa: University Press of Alabama, 2013.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Miller, John C.  Crisis in Freedom: The Alien and Sedition Acts<\/em>.  Boston: Little, Brown, 1951.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mulcrone, Mick. \u201cThose Miserable Little Hounds: World War I Postal Censorship of the Irish World<\/em>.\u201d Journalism History<\/em>20:1 (Spring 1994): 15-24. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Murphy, Paul J.  The Meaning of Freedom of Speech: First Amendment Freedoms from Wilson to FDR. <\/em>Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1972.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Murphy, Paul J.  World War I and the Origin of Civil Liberties in the United States. <\/em>New York: W.W. Norton, 1979.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nelson, Harold L.  “Seditious Libel in Colonial America.” American Journal of Legal History<\/em> 3 (April 1959): 160-172.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Olson, Alison.  “The Zenger Case Revisited: Satire, Sedition, and Political Debate in Eighteenth Century America.” Early American Literature <\/em>35:3 (2000): 223-245.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Parramore, James R.  “State Constitutions and the Press: Historical Context and Resurgence of a Libertarian Tradition.”  Journalism Quarterly<\/em> 69 (1992): 105-123.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Paxton, Mark.   Censorship<\/em>.  Westport: Greenwood, 2008.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pember, Don R.  “The Smith Act as a Restraint on the Press.”  Journalism Monographs<\/em> 10 ( May 1969).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Polenberg, Richard.  Fighting Faiths: The Abrams Case, the Supreme Court and Free Speech. <\/em>New York: Viking Press, 1987.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Preston, William.  Aliens and Dissenters: Federal Suppression of Radicals, 1903-1933, <\/em>second edition.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1994.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rabban, David M.  “The Ahistorical Historian: Leonard Levy on Freedom of Expression in Early American History.”  Stanford Law Review<\/em> 37 (February 1985).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rabban, David M.  Free Speech in its Forgotten Years<\/em>.  New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ragan, Fred D. \u201cJustice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., Zechariah Chafee, Jr. and the Clear and Present Danger Test for Free Speech: The First Year, 1919.\u201d Journal of American History<\/em> 58, no.1 (June 1971): 24-45.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rivera, Clark. “Ideals, Interests, and Civil Liberty: The Colonial Press and Freedom, 1735-1776.” Journalism Quarterly<\/em> 55 (1978): 48-53, 124.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Robins, Natalie.  Alien Ink: The FBI’s War on Freedom of Expression. <\/em>New York: William Morrow, 1992.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sayer, John.  “Art and Politics, Dissent and Repression: The Masses<\/em> Magazine Versus the Government, 1917-1918.”  American Journal of Legal History<\/em> 32 (January 1988): 42-78.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Scheiber, Harry N.  The Wilson Administration and Civil Liberties<\/em>.  Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1960.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Schrecker, <\/em>Ellen.  Many Are the Crimes: McCarthyism in America.  <\/em>Boston: Little, Brown, 1998.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sheft, Mark A.  “The End of the Smith Act Era: A Legal and Historical Analysis of Scales v. United States<\/em>.”  American Journal of Legal History <\/em>36 (April 1992): 164-202.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sloan, Wm. David. \u201cThe Party Press and Freedom of the Press, 1798\u20131808.\u201d American Journalism <\/em>4 (1987): 82\u201396.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Smith, Craig R., ed.  Silencing the Opposition: Government Strategies of Suppression of Freedom of Expression<\/em>.  Albany: State University of New York Press, 1996.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Smith, Craig R., ed.  Silencing the Opposition: How the U.S. Government Suppressed Freedom of Expression During Major Crises<\/em>. 2ed.  Albany: State University of New York Press, 2011.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Smith, James Morton.  Freedom’s Fetters: The Alien and Sedition Law and American Civil Liberties<\/em>. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1956.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Smith, Jeffery A.  Printers and Press Freedom: The Ideology of Early American Press Freedom.  <\/em>New York: Oxford University Press, 1987.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Smith, Jeffery A.  War and Press Freedom: The Problem of Prerogative Power<\/em>. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stauffer, Samuel A.  Communism, Conformity, and Civil Liberties<\/em>.  New York: Doubleday, 1955.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Steele, Richard W.  Free Speech in the Good War<\/em>. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1999.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stoker, Kevin. \u201cThe Journalist and the Jurist: Political Adversaries Enlisted in a Long Campaign on behalf of Civil Liberties.\u201d Journalism History<\/em> 34:4 (Winter 2009): 216-229.  Felix Frankfurter and Geoffrey Parsons (NY Herald Tribune<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Theoharis, Athan.  “The FBI, the Roosevelt Administration, and the ‘Subversive’ Press.”  Journalism History<\/em> 19:1 (Spring 1993): 3-10.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thomas, William H., Jr.  Unsafe for Democracy: World War I and the U.S. Justice Department\u2019s Covert Campaign to Suppress Dissent<\/em>.  Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 2008.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tushnet, Mark, ed.  The Constitution in Wartime: Beyond Alarmism and Complacency<\/em>.  Durham: Duke University Press, 2005.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Walker, Samuel.  In Defense of Liberty: A History of the ACLU<\/em>.  New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ward, Kenneth, and Aimee Edmondson. \u201cThe Espionage Conviction of Kansas City Editor Jacob Frohwerk: \u2018A Clear and Present Danger\u2019 to the United States.\u201d Journal of Media Law & Ethics<\/em> 6: 1\/2 (Summer\/Fall 2017): 39-56.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Work, Clemens P. Darkest Before Dawn: Sedition and Free Speech in the American West<\/em>. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2005.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Work, Clemens P.  \u201c\u2018Good Night with the Stars and Stripes, Army, Navy, and Mister Damned Wilson\u2019: Montana\u2019s Central Role in the Repression\u2014and Eventual Recognition\u2014of Free Speech.\u201d Montana<\/em> 55 (Winter 2005): 16\u201335.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Young, Ralph.  Dissent: The History of an American Idea<\/em>.  New York: New York University Press, 2015.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Obscenity, Sexuality, and Morality<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alexander, James R. \u201cRoth<\/em> at Fifty: Reconsidering the Common Law Antecedents of American Obscenity Doctrine.\u201d  John Marshall Law Review<\/em> 41 (Winter 2008): 393\u2013434.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Allen, Robert C.  Horrible Prettiness: Burlesque and American Culture<\/em>.  Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1991.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bailey, Martha J. \u201c\u2018Momma\u2019s Got the Pill\u2019: How Anthony Comstock and Griswold v. Connecticut<\/em> Shaped U.S. Childbearing.\u201d American Economic Review<\/em> 100 (March 2010): 98\u2013129.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bates, Anna Louise.  Weeder<\/em> in the Garden of the Lord: Anthony Comstock’s Life and Career<\/em>.  New York: University Press of America, 1995.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beisel, Nocal Kay.  Imperiled Innocents: Anthony Comstock and Family Reproduction in Victorian America<\/em>.  Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1997.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bekken, Jon.  “These Great and Dangerous Powers: Postal Censorship of the Press.” Journal of Communication Inquiry<\/em> 15 (Winter 1991): 55-71.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bezanson, Randall P. Art and Freedom of Speech. <\/em>Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2009.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Blanchard, Margaret A., and John E Semonche.  \u201cAnthony Comstock and his Adversaries: The Mixed Legacy of this Battle for Free Speech.\u201d  Communication Law and Policy<\/em> 11 (Fall 2006): 317-366.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Blecha, Peter.  Taboo Tunes: A History of Banned Bands and Censored Songs<\/em>.  San Francisco: Backbeat Books, 2004.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Boyer, Paul S.  Purity in Print: Book Censorship in America. <\/em>rev. ed. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 2002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Brodie, Janet F.  Conception and Abortion in 19th Century America<\/em>.  Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1994.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bronstein, Carolyn.  Battling Pornography: The American Feminist Anti-Pornography Movement, 1976-1986<\/em>.  New York: Cambridge University Press, 2011.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Broun, Heywood, and Margaret Leech.  Anthony Comstock: Roundsman of the Lord<\/em>.  New York: Boni, 1927.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cadegan, Una M.  “Guardians of Democracy or Cultural Storm Troopers?  American Catholics and the Control of Popular Media, 1934-1966.”  Catholic Historical Review<\/em> 87:2 (April 2001): 252-282.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cadegan, Una M. All Good Books are Catholic Books: Print Culture, Censorship, and Modernity in Twentieth-Century America.<\/em> Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2013.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Charles, Douglas M.  The FBI\u2019s Obscene File: J. Edgar Hoover and the Bureau\u2019s Crusade against Smut<\/em>.  Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2012.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Childs, Elizabeth C., ed.  Suspended License: Censorship and the Visual Arts<\/em>.  Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1997.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Craig, John M.  \u201cThe Sex Side of Life: The Obscenity Case of Mary Ware Dennett.\u201d Frontiers<\/em> 15:3 (1995): 145-166.  (birth control information)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cronin, Mary M.  “The Liberty to Argue Freely: Nineteenth Century Obscenity Prosecutions and the Emergence of Modern Libertarian Free Speech Discourse.”  Journalism and Mass Communication Monographs<\/em> 8:3 (Autumn 2006): 164-219.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Daniels, Walter M., ed.  The Censorship of Books<\/em>. New York: H.W. Wilson, 1954.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

de Grazia, Edward.  Censorship Landmarks.<\/em>  New York: Bowker, 1969.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

de\u00a0Grazia, Edward.\u00a0\u00a0Girls Lean Back Everywhere: The Law of Obscenity and the Assault on Genius<\/em>.\u00a0 New York: Random House, 1992.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De Grazia, Edward. \u201cHow Justice Brennan Freed Novels and Movies during the Sixties.\u201d\u00a0Cardozo Studies in Law and Literature<\/em>\u00a08, no. 2 (1996): 259\u2013265.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dennis, Donna I.  \u201cObscenity Law and Its Consequences in Mid-Nineteenth-Century America.\u201d Columbia Journal of Gender and Law<\/em> 16 (no. 1, 2007): 43\u201395.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dennis, Donna. Licentious Gotham: Erotic Publishing and Its Prosecution in Nineteenth-Century New York<\/em>.  Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2008.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Downs, Robert B., ed.  The First Freedom: Liberty and Justice in the World of Books and Reading<\/em>.  Chicago: American Library Association, 1960.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ellis, Richard. “Disseminating Desire: Grove Press and ‘the End(s) of Obscenity’,” in Perspectives on Pornography: Sexuality in Film and Literature<\/em>, Gary Day and Clive Bloom, eds.  New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1988.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ernst, Morris, and William Seagle.  To the Pure: A Study of Obscenity and the Censor<\/em>.  New York: Viking, 1928. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ernst, Morris, and Alexander Lindey.  The Censor Marches On: Recent Milestones in the Administration of Obscenity Law in the United States<\/em>.  New York: Doubleday, Doran, 1940. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ernst, Morris, and Pare Lorentz.  Censored, or the Private Life of the Movie<\/em>.  New York: Cape & Smith, 1930.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ernst, Morris L., and Alan U. Schwartz.  Censorship: The Search for the Obscene<\/em>.  New York: Macmillan, 1964.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fleishman, Stanley.  The Supreme Court Obscenity Decisions<\/em>.  San Diego: Greenleaf Classic, 1973.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Forster, Chris.  Filthy Material: Modernism and the Media of Obscenity<\/em>.  New York: Oxford University Press, 2018.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Foster, Gaines M.  Moral Reconstruction: Christian Lobbyists and the Federal Legislation of Morality, 1865-1920<\/em>.  Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fowler, Dorothy G.  Unmailable<\/em>: Congress and the Post Office<\/em>.  Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1977.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Freyer, Peter.  The Birth Controllers<\/em>.  New York: Stein and Day, 1966.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Friedman, Andrea.  \u201cThe Habits of Sex-Crazed Perverts\u2019: Campaigns Against Burlesque in Depression-Era New York City.\u201d  Journal of the History of Sexuality<\/em> 7:2 (October 1996): 203-238.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Friedman, Andrea.  Prurient Interests: Gender, Democracy, and Obscenity in New York City, 1909-1945<\/em>.  New York: Columbia University Press, 2000.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Friedman, Andrea.  \u201cSadists and Sissies: Anti-pornography Campaigns in Cold War America.\u201d  Gender & History<\/em> 15:2 (2003): 201-227.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Friedman, Leon, ed.  Obscenity: The Complete Oral Arguments before the Supreme Court in the Major Obscenity Cases<\/em>.  2 vols.  New York: Chelsea House, 1983.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Friskin, Amanda.  Victoria Woodhull’s Sexual Revolution: Political Theater and the Popular Press in Nineteenth Century America<\/em>.  Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2004.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Frisken, Amanda. \u201cObscenity, Free Speech, and \u2018Sporting News\u2019 in 1870s America.\u201d Journal of American Studies<\/em> 42 (December 2008): 537\u2013577.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fuller, Wayne E.  Morality and the Mail in Nineteenth Century America<\/em>.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2003.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gardiner, Harold C.  The Catholic Viewpoint on Censorship<\/em>.  New York: Image Books, 1961.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Garrison, Dee.  \u201cImmoral Fiction in the Late Victorian Library.\u201d  American Quarterly<\/em> 28:1 (Spring 1976): 71-89.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gary, Brett.  Dirty Works: Obscenity on Trial in America\u2019s First Sexual Revolution. <\/em>Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2021.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gertzman, Jay A.  \u201cJohn Saxton Sumner of the New York Society for the Suppression of Vice: A Chief Smut Eradicator of the Interwar Period.\u201d  Journal of American Culture <\/em>17:2 (June 1994): 41-47.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gertzman, Jay A.  Bookleggers<\/em> and Smuthounds: The Trade in Erotica, 1920-1940<\/em>.  Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gillers, Stephen. \u201cA Tendency to Deprave and Corrupt: The Transformation of American Obscenity Law from Hicklin to Ulysses II.\u201d  Washington University Law Review<\/em> 85 (no. 2, 2007): 215\u2013296.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Goldstein, Al, and Josh Alan Friedman.  I, Goldstein: My Screwed Life<\/em>.  Boston: Thunder\u2019s Mouth Press, 2006.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gordon, Sarah B.  “Blasphemy and the Law of Religious Freedom in 19th Century America.”  American Quarterly<\/em> 52 (December 2000): 682-719.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gordon, George N.  Erotic Communications: Studies in Sex, Sin, and Censorship<\/em>.  New York: Hastings House, 1980.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gordon, Linda.  Women’s Body, Women’s Right: A History of Birth Control in America<\/em>.  New York: Grossman, 1976.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gurstein, Rochelle.  The Repeal of Reticence: A History of America’s Cultural and Legal Struggles Over Free Speech, Obscenity, Sexual Liberation, and Modern Art.<\/em>  New York, 1996.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Haight, Anne L.  Banned Books<\/em>.  New York: Bowker, 1978.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Heins, Marjorie.  Sex, Sin, and Blasphemy: A Guide to America\u2019s Censorship Wars<\/em>.  New York: New Press, 1998.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Heins, Marjorie.  Not in Front of the Children: \u201cIndecency,\u201d Censorship, and the Innocence of Youth<\/em>.  New York: Hill and Wang, 2001.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hijar, Katherine Noel. \u201cSexuality, Print, and Popular Visual Culture in the United States, 1830\u20131870.\u201d  PhD dissertation, Johns Hopkins University, 2009.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hixson, Richard.  Pornography and the Justices: The Supreme Court and the Intractable Obscenity Problem<\/em>.  Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1996.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hoffman, Brian. \u201c`A Certain Amount of Prudishness\u2019: Nudist Magazines and the Liberalization of American Obscenity Law, 1947\u201358.\u201d Gender & History<\/em> 22 (November 2010), 708\u2013732.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Horowitz, Helen L.  “Victorial Woodhull, Anthony Comstock, and Conflict over Sex in the United States in the 1870s.”  Journal of American History<\/em> 87 (September 2000): 403-434.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hovey, Elizabeth B.  “Stamping Out Smut: The Enforcement of Obscenity Laws, 1872-1915.”  PhD dissertation, Columbia University, 1998.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hutchison, Earl R.  Tropic of Cancer on Trial<\/em>.  New York: Grove Press, 1968.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jensen, Robin E.  Dirty Words: The Rhetoric of Public Sex Education, 1870-1924<\/em>.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2010.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kendrick, Walter.  The Secret Museum: Pornography in Modern Culture<\/em>.  Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kirkpatrick, James J.  The Smut Peddlers<\/em>.  New York: Avon, 1960.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lambert, Josh.  Unclean Lips: Obscenity, Jews, and American Culture<\/em>.  New York: NYU Press, 2014.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lawrence, Patrick.  Obscene Gestures: Counter-Narratives of Sex and Race in the Twentieth Century<\/em>.  New York: Fordham University Press, 2022.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Legman, Gershon.  Love & Death: A Study in Censorship<\/em>.  New York: Hacker Art, 1963.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lewis, Felice Flannery.  Literature, Obscenity, and Law<\/em>.  Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1976. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Loth, David.  The Erotic in Literature<\/em>.  New York: Messner, 1961.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

McCorison, Marcus A. \u201cPrinters and the Law: The Trials of Publishing Obscene Libel in Early America.\u201d Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America<\/em> 104 (June 2010): 181\u2013217.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Meyer, Richard.  Outlaw Representation: Censorship and Homosexuality in Twentieth Century American Art<\/em>.  Boston: Beacon Press, 2002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Miller, Neil.  Banned in Boston: The Watch and Ward Society\u2019s Crusade Against Books, Burlesque, and the Social Evil<\/em>.  Boston: Beacon Press, 2010.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Morgan, Bill, and Nancy J. Peters, eds.  Howl on Trial: The Battle for Free Expression<\/em>.  San Francisco: City Lights Books, 2006.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Murphree, Vanessa, and Karla K. Gower. \u201c\u2018Making Birth Control Respectable\u2019: The Birth Control Review,<\/em> 1917\u20131928.\u201d American Journalism<\/em> 30 (Spring 2013): 210\u2013234.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Parker, Alison M.  Purifying America: Women, Cultural Reform, and Pro-Censorship Activism, 1873-1933<\/em>.  Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1997.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Paul, James C.N., and Murray L. Schwartz.  Federal Censorship: Obscenity in the Mails<\/em>.  New York: Free Press of Glencoe, 1961.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Picard, Alyssa.  “To Popularize the Nude in Art: Comstockery Reconsidered.”  Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era<\/em> 1:3 (July 2002): 195-224.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pierce, Jennifer B.  What Adolescents Ought to Know: Sexual Health Texts in Early Twentieth-Century America.<\/em>  Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2011.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Popescu, Mihaela. \u201cKeeping It Dirty: Defining and Redefining Obscenity in American Judicial Discourse 1873\u20132007.  PhD dissertation, University of Pennsylvania, 2008.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Potter, Rachel.\u00a0 “Obscene Modernism and the Trade in Salacious Books.”\u00a0\u00a0modernism<\/em>\u00a0\/ modernity<\/em>\u00a016:1 (January 2009): 87\u2013104.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Puglionesi, Alica. \u201c\u2018Your Whole Effort Has Been to Create Desire\u2019: Reproducing Knowledge and Evading Censorship in the Nineteenth-Century Subscription Press.\u201d\u00a0Bulletin of the History of Medicine<\/em>\u00a089, no. 3 (2015): 463\u2013490.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rivera-Sanchez, Milagros.  “Developing an Indecency Standard: The FCC and the Regulation of Offensive Speech, 1927-1964.” Journalism History<\/em> 20:1 (Spring 1994): 3-14.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Roessner, Lori Amber, and Matthewe Broddus. \u201cThe Sinners and the Scapegoat: Public Reaction in the Press to Mae West\u2019s Adam and Eve Skit.\u201d American Journalism<\/em> 30:4 (Fall 2013): 520-546.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sears, Hal D.  The Sex Radicals: Free Love in High Victorian America<\/em>.  Lawrence: The Regents Press of Kansas, 1977.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Segal, Lynne, and Mary McIntosh, eds.  Sex Exposed: Sexuality and the Pornography Debates<\/em>.  Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1993.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Semonche, John E.  Censoring Sex: A Historical Journey through American Media<\/em>.  Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 2007.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Silberman, Marsha. \u201cThe Perfect Storm: Late Nineteenth-Century Chicago Sex Radicals; Moses Harman, Ida Craddock, Alice\u00a0Stockham, and the Comstock Obscenity Laws.\u201d\u00a0Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society<\/em>\u00a0102 (Fall\u2013Winter 2009): 324\u2013367.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Smith, Jeffery A.\u00a0\u00a0\u201cMoral Guardians and the Origins of the Right to Privacy.\u201d\u00a0\u00a0Journalism and Communication Monographs<\/em>\u00a010:1 (Spring 2008): 64-110.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Spear, Lisa K.\u00a0 “Paperback Pornography: Mass Market Novels and Censorship in Postwar America.”\u00a0\u00a0Journal of American Culture<\/em>\u00a024 (Fall\/Winter 2001): 153-160.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stone, Geoffrey R. \u201cSex, Violence, and the First Amendment.\u201d The University of Chicago Law Review<\/em> 74 (2007): 1857\u201371.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stone, Geoffrey R.  Sex and the Constitution: Sex, Religion, and Law from America\u2019s Origins to the Twenty-First Century<\/em>.  New York: Liveright, 2017.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Strub, Whitney Vincent. \u201cPerversion for Profit: The Politics of Obscenity and Pornography in the Postwar United States.\u201d  PhD dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles, 2006.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Strub, Whitney.\u00a0\u00a0\u201cPerversion for Profit: Citizens for Decent Literature and the Arousal of an\u00a0Antiporn\u00a0Public in the 1960s.\u201d\u00a0\u00a0Journal of the History of Sexuality<\/em>\u00a015:2 (May 2006): 258-291.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Strub, Whitney. \u201cThe Clearly Obscene and the Queerly Obscene: Heteronormativity and Obscenity in Cold War Los Angeles.\u201d\u00a0American Quarterly<\/em>\u00a060, no. 2 (2008): 373\u2013398.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Strub, Whitney. \u201cLavender, Menaced: Lesbianism, Obscenity Law, and the Feminist Antipornography Movement.\u201d Journal of Women\u2019s History<\/em> 22 (Summer 2010): 83\u2013107.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Strub, Whitney. Obscenity Rules: <\/em>Roth v. United States and the Long Struggle over Sexual Expression.<\/em>  Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2013.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Strub, Whitney.  \u201cLavender, Menaced: Lesbianism, Obscenity Law, and the Feminist Anti-pornography Movement.\u201d Journal of Women\u2019s History<\/em> 22 (Summer 2010): 83\u2013107.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Taylor, Leslie A.  \u201cI Made Up My Mind to Get it\u2019: The American Trial of The Well of Loneliness<\/em>, New York City 1928-1929.\u201d  Journal of the History of Sexuality<\/em> 10:2 (April 2001): 250-286.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tepper, Steven J.  Not Here, Not Now, Not That! Protest over Art and Culture in America.<\/em>  Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2011. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tone, Andrea.  Devices and Desires: A History of Contraceptives in America<\/em>.  New York: Hill & Wang, 2001.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thacker, Andrew.  \u201cThe Pure and the Dirty: Censorship, Obscenity, and the Modern Bookshop.\u201d Modernism\/modernity<\/em>29:3 (September 2022): 519-541.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ullman, Sharon.  Sex Seen: The Emergence of Modern Sexuality in America<\/em>. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wartzman, Rick.  Obscene in the Extreme: The Burning and Banning of John Steinbeck\u2019s The Grapes of Wrath<\/em>.  New York: Public Affairs Press, 2008.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Werbel, Amy.  \u201cThe Crime of the Nude: Anthony Comstock, the Art Students League of New York, and the Origins of American Obscenity.\u201d Winterthur Portfolio<\/em> 48:4 (Winter 2014): 249-282.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Werbel, Amy.  Lust on Trial: Censorship and the Rise of Obscenity in the Age of Anthony Comstock<\/em>.  New York: Columbia University Press, 2018.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

West, Robin. \u201cThe Feminist-Conservative Anti-Pornography Alliance and the 1986 Attorney General\u2019s Commission on Pornography Report.\u201d American Bar Foundation Research Journal<\/em> 12, no. 4 (1987): 681\u2013711.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wheeler, Leigh Ann.  \u201cBattling Over Burlesque: Conflicts Between Maternalism, Paternalism, and Organized Labor, Minneapolis, Minnesota 1920-1932.\u201d  Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies<\/em> 20:2 (1999): 148-174.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wheeler, Leigh Ann.  Against Obscenity: Reform and the Politics of Womanhood, 1873-1935<\/em>.  Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2004.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wheeler, Leigh Ann.  \u201cWhere Else but Greenwich Village?: Love, Lust, and the Emergence of the American Civil Liberties Union Sexual Rights Agenda, 1920-1931.\u201d Journal of the History of Sexuality<\/em> 21:1 (January 2012): 60-92.

Wheeler, Leigh Ann.  How Sex Became a Civil Liberty<\/em>.  New York: Oxford University Press, 2014.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Whittier, Nancy. \u201cRethinking Coalitions: Anti-Pornography Feminists, Conservatives, and Relationships between Collaborative Adversarial Movements.\u201d Social Problems<\/em> 61, no. 2 (2014): 175\u2013193.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Williams, Linda.  Screening Sex<\/em>. Durham: Duke University Press, 2008.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wittern-Keller, Laura, and Raymond J. Haberski Jr.  The Miracle Case: Film Censorship and the Supreme Court<\/em>.  Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2008.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wood, Janice Ruth. \u201cFoote Work for Free Speech: The Contributions of Doctors Edward Bliss Foote and Edward Bond Foote to Anti-Comstock Operations, 1872\u00ad1915.\u201d PhD dissertation, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, 2004. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wood, Janice Ruth.  The Struggle for Free Speech in the United States, 1872-1915<\/em>.  New York: Routledge, 2007.  women\u2019s health information<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wood, Janice.  “Physicians and Obscenity: A Struggle for Free Speech, 1872-1915.” Journalism History<\/em> 36:1 (Spring 2010): 36-44.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Libel, Freedom of Information, Privacy, Prior Restraint<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Barbas, Samantha.  Laws of Image: Privacy and Publicity in America<\/em>.  Palo Alto: Stanford Law Books, 2016.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Barbas, Samantha.  Newsworthy: The Supreme Court Battle Over Privacy and Press Freedom<\/em>.  Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2017.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Barbas, Samantha.  Actual Malice: Civil Rights and Freedom of the Press in<\/em> New York Times v. Sullivan.  Berkeley: University of California Press, 2023.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bowles, Dorothy.  \u201cNewspaper Attention to (and Support of) First Amendment Cases, 1919-1969.\u201d  Journalism Quarterly<\/em> 66:3 (Autumn 1989): 579-586.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Brucker, Herbert.  Freedom of Information<\/em>.  New York: Macmillan, 1949.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cain, Brett Butler. \u201cContempt by Publication in Nineteenth-Century America\u201d PhD dissertation, University of Alabama, 2007.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cooper, Kent.  The Right to Know: An Exposition of the Evils of News Suppression and Propaganda<\/em>.  New York: Farrar, Straus & Cudahy, 1956.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cross, Harold L.  The People\u2019s Right to Know<\/em>.  New York: Columbia University Press, 1953.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dicken-Garcia, Hazel.  Journalistic Standards in Nineteenth Century America. <\/em>Madison, University of Wisconsin Press, 1989.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Digby-Junger, Richard.  “News in Which the Public May Take an Interest: A Nineteenth Century Precedent for New York Times v Sullivan<\/em>.”  American Journalism<\/em> 12:1 (Winter 1995): 22-38.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Douglas, William O.  The People\u2019s Right to Know<\/em>.  Garden City, NJ: Doubleday, 1958.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Easton, Eric B. \u201cThe Colonel\u2019s Finest Campaign: Robert R. McCormick and Near v. Minnesota<\/em>.\u201d  Federal Communications Law Journal<\/em> 60 (March 2008): 183\u2013228.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Edgar, Harold, and Benno C. Schmidt.  \u201cThe Espionage Statutes and Publication of Defense Information.\u201d  Columbia Law Review<\/em> 73:5 (May 1973): 930-1087.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ferrier, Patricia. \u201cThere Ought to Be a Law: The Moral and Legal Aspects of Privacy from the Nineteenth-Century Press to Twenty-First Century Attempts to Protect Individual Privacy.\u201d  PhD dissertation, Ohio University, 2004. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Forde, Kathy Roberts.  \u201cNarrative Journalism on Trial: A Social and Cultural History of Masson v. New Yorker.\u201d  PhD dissertation, University of North Carolina- Chapel Hill, 2005.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Forde, Kathy Roberts. \u201cLibel, Freedom of the Press, and the New Yorker<\/em>.\u201d  American Journalism<\/em> 23 (Fall 2006): 61\u201391. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Friendly, Fred.  Minnesota Rag: The Dramatic Story of the Landmark Supreme Court Case that Gave New Meaning to Freedom of the Press<\/em>. New York: Random House, 1981.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gordon, A. David.  “Protection of News Sources: The History and Legal Status of the Newsman’s Privilege.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of Wisconsin, 1971.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gregg, Leigh F.  “The First Amendment in the 19th Century: Journalists’ Privilege and Congressional Investigation.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of Wisconsin, 1984.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hall, Kermit L. and Melvin Urofsky.  New York Times v. Sullivan: Civil Rights, Libel Law, and the Free Press<\/em>.  Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2011.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hopkins, W. Wat, ed.  \u201cNew York Times Co. v. Sullivan Forty Years Later.\u201d  Communication Law and Policy<\/em> 9 (2004).  (special issue)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Johns, Adrian.  Piracy: The Intellectual Property Wars from Gutenberg to Gates<\/em>.  Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2010.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kennedy, George.  “Advocates of Openness: The Freedom of Information Movement.”  PhD dissertation, University of Missouri, 1978.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kielbowicz, Richard B. “The Role of News Leaks in Governance and the Law of Journalists’ Confidentiality, 1795-2005.”  San Diego Law Review<\/em> 43 (Summer 2006): 425-94.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kostyu, Paul E. \u201cNothing More, Nothing Less: Case Law Leading to the Freedom of Information Act.\u201d American Journalism<\/em> 12, no. 4 (1995): 462\u201376.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lebovic, Samuel Martin. \u201cFighting for Free Information: American Democracy and the Problem of Press Freedom in a Totalitarian Age, 1920\u20131950.\u201d  PhD dissertation, University of Chicago, 2011.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Levine, Lee, and Stephen Wermiel.  The Progeny: Justice William J. Brennan\u2019s Fight to Preserve the Legacy of <\/em>New York Times v. Sullivan.  Washington DC: American Bar Association, 2014.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lewis, Anthony.  Make No Law: The Sullivan Case and the First Amendment.<\/em>  New York: Random House, 1991.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

McKay, Floyd J.  “First Amendment Guerillas: Formative Years of the Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press.”  Journalism and Mass Communication Monographs<\/em> 6:3 (Autumn 2004).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Morrissey, David H.  “Disclosure and Secrecy: Security Classification Executive Orders.”  Journalism Monographs<\/em> 148 (August 1997).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nieburg, Harold L.  Nuclear Secrecy and Foreign Policy<\/em>.  Washington DC: Public Affairs Press, 1964.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O’Brien, David M.  The Public’s Right to Know: The Supreme Court and the First Amendment<\/em>.  New York: Praeger, 1981.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pember, Don R.  \u201cThe Pentagon Papers Decision: More Questions than Answers.\u201d  Journalism Quarterly<\/em> 48 (Autumn 1971): 403-411.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pilgrim, Tim A. \u201cPrivacy and American Journalism: An Economic Connection.\u201d Journalism History<\/em> 14:1 (Spring 1987): 18-25.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Raymond, Allen.  The People’s Right to Know: A Report on Government News Suppression<\/em>.  New York: ACLU, 1955.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rodgers, Ronald R.  \u201cJournalism is a Loose-Jointed Thing:  A Content Analysis of Editor & Publisher<\/em>\u2019s Discussion of Journalistic Conduct Prior to the Canons of Journalism, 1901-1922.\u201d  Journal of Mass Media Ethics<\/em> 22:1 (2007): 66-82.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rosenberg, Norman L.  Protecting the Best Men: An Interpretive History of the Law of Libel<\/em>.  Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1990.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Scherer, Mark R.  Rights in the Balance: Free Press, Fair Trial, and <\/em>Nebraska Press Association v. Stuart.  Lubbock: Texas Tech University Press, 2008.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Shils, Edward A.  The Torment of Secrecy<\/em>.  New York: Free Press, 1956.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Spellman, Robert L. \u201cMisconceptions and Criminal Prosecutions: Theodore Roosevelt and the Panama Canal Libels.\u201d American Journalism<\/em> 11, no. 1 (1994): 39\u201360.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lewis, Anthony.  Make No Law: The Sullivan Case and the First Amendment<\/em>.  New York: Random House, 1991.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Merrill, Samuel.  Newspaper Libel: A Handbook for the Press<\/em>.  Boston: Ticknor and Co., 1888.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Swain, Bruce M.  “The Progressive<\/em>, the Bomb, and the Papers.”  Journalism Monographs<\/em> 76 (May 1982).

Uhm, Kiyul.  “The Cold War Communication Crisis: The Right to Know Movement.”  Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly<\/em> 82:1 (Spring 2005): 131-147.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ugland, Eric F.  “Newsgathering, Special Rights, and Freedom of the Press.”  PhD dissertation, University of Minnesota, 2003.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

U.S. Congress, House.  House Committee on Governmental Operations.  Availability of Information From Federal Departments and Agencies:  Hearings Before a Subcommittee on Government Operations<\/em>.  84th Cong., 1st Sess., 7 November 1955.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wellerstein, Alex. \u201cKnowledge and the Bomb: Nuclear Secrecy in the United States, 1939\u20132008.\u201d  PhD dissertation, Harvard University, 2010.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wiggins, James R.  Freedom or Secrecy?<\/em>  New York: Oxford University Press, 1956.

Wiggins, James Russell.  Freedom or Secrecy<\/em>.  Rev ed.  New York: Oxford University Press, 1964.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wittenberg, Philip.  Dangerous Words: A Guide to the Law of Libel<\/em>.  New York: Columbia University Press, 1947.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yalof, David A., and Kenneth Dautrich.  The First Amendment and the Media in the Court of Public Opinion<\/em>.  New York: Cambridge University Press, 2002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Back to Index Page<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Back to Index Page Constitutional History and Theory Abrams, Floyd.  Speaking Freely: Trials of the First Amendment.  New York: Viking Penguin Group, 2005. Anastaplo, George.  Reflections on Freedom of Speech and the First Amendment.  Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2007. Anderson, Alexis J.  \u201cThe Formative Period of First Amendment Theory, 1870-1915.\u201d  American Journal of Legal History 24:1 (January 1980): 56-75. Anderson, David […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":48,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-158","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mupages.marshall.edu\/masscommhistorybibliography\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/158","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mupages.marshall.edu\/masscommhistorybibliography\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mupages.marshall.edu\/masscommhistorybibliography\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mupages.marshall.edu\/masscommhistorybibliography\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/48"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mupages.marshall.edu\/masscommhistorybibliography\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=158"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/mupages.marshall.edu\/masscommhistorybibliography\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/158\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2410,"href":"https:\/\/mupages.marshall.edu\/masscommhistorybibliography\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/158\/revisions\/2410"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mupages.marshall.edu\/masscommhistorybibliography\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=158"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}